Perceptual Automaticity in Expert Chess Players: Parallel Encoding of Chess Relations

Overview

Journal Psychon Bull Rev

Specialty Psychology

Date 2001 Nov 10

PMID 11700901

Citations 22

Authors

E M Reingold

N Charness

R S Schultetus

D M Stampe

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

A check detection task in a 5 x 5 section of the chessboard, containing a King and one or two potential checking pieces was employed. The checking status (i.e., the presence or absence of a check) and the number of attackers (one or two) were manipulated. It was found that the reaction time cost for adding a distractor was differentially greater in no trials than yes trials for novice, but not for expert, chess players. In addition, we contrasted standard check detection trials with trials in which one of two attackers was cued (colored red) and the task was to determine the checking status of the cued attacker while ignoring the other attacker. We documented a Stroop-like interference effect on trials in which a cued nonchecking attacker appeared together with an attacker that was checking (i.e., incongruent). These findings suggest automatic and parallel encoding procedures for chess relations in experts.

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