Effect of Latrunculin-A on Morphology and Actin-associated Adhesions of Cultured Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells

Purpose: Determine the effects of the actin cytoskeleton disrupting compound latrunculin-A (LAT-A) on morphology, cytoskeleton, and cellular adhesions of cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells.

Methods: HTM cells were cultured to high confluence with endothelial-like morphology and treated with LAT-A at different doses and duration. Topography of living cells was evaluated by videomicroscopy. Distribution and organization of the actin-based cytoskeleton, vinculin- and paxillin-containing focal contacts, and beta-catenin-rich intercellular adhesions were determined by immunofluorescence and digital microscopy.

Results: LAT-A induced pronounced but highly reversible rounding of HTM cells, intercellular separation, and disruption of actin filaments. beta-catenin-rich intercellular adherens junctions were particularly sensitive to LAT-A. Vinculin- and paxillin-containing focal contacts were only partially affected and appeared to be more resistant to the drug than the intercellular interactions.

Conclusions: The increase in outflow facility in the living primate eye induced by LAT-A may be due to the disorganization and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated cellular adhesions in the trabecular meshwork.