Robert J Spencer
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Explore the profile of Robert J Spencer including associated specialties, affiliations and a list of published articles.
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64
Citations
345
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Recent Articles
1.
Spencer R, Patrick S, Ransom M, Miller C, Hale A
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
. 2025 Mar;
:1-11.
PMID: 40088457
Introduction: Neuropsychologists often use continuously scored measures to create dichotomous cutoff scores for making decisions. Dichotomization allows test users to employ traditional diagnostic statistics, such as sensitivity and specificity, but...
2.
Gradwohl B, Rochette A, Hale A, Patrick S, Hammers D, Spencer R
Appl Neuropsychol Adult
. 2025 Feb;
:1-7.
PMID: 39981931
The incidental learning index based on Similarities subtest (IL-Sim) from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) has shown promise as a screening measure for memory impairment. We aimed to...
3.
Ikanga J, Patrick S, Schwinne M, Patel S, Epenge E, Gikelekele G, et al.
Front Neurol
. 2024 Apr;
15:1320727.
PMID: 38601333
Background: The current study examined the sensitivity of two memory subtests and their corresponding learning slope metrics derived from the African Neuropsychology Battery (ANB) to detect amyloid pathology and APOEε4...
4.
Ratcliffe L, Hale A, McDonald T, Hewitt K, Nguyen C, Spencer R, et al.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol
. 2024 Mar;
39(6):747-765.
PMID: 38441951
Objective: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is among the most frequently administered cognitive screening tests, yet demographically diverse normative data are needed for repeated administrations. Method: Data were obtained from...
5.
Spencer R, Williams T, Kordovski V, Patrick S, Lengu K, Gradwohl B, et al.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
. 2024 Feb;
45(7):744-757.
PMID: 38357915
Introduction: In learning and memory tests that involve multiple presentations of the same material, learning slope refers to the degree to which examinees improve performances over successive learning trials. We...
6.
Bair J, Patrick S, Noyes E, Hale A, Campbell E, Wilson A, et al.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
. 2023 Oct;
45(7):652-692.
PMID: 37865967
Introduction: On some list-learning tasks, such as the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) or Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), examinees have the opportunity to group words based on semantically related...
7.
Stelmokas J, Ratcliffe L, Lengu K, Spencer R
Psychol Serv
. 2023 Oct;
21(1):65-72.
PMID: 37824242
This study evaluated the quality of direct-to-home teleneuropsychology (teleNP) services that offered patients choice of service modality. We conducted a quality assurance project in a sample of Veterans ( =...
8.
Hammers D, Pentchev J, Kim H, Spencer R, Apostolova L
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
. 2023 Sep;
45(7):727-743.
PMID: 37676258
Objective: Learning slopes represent serial acquisition of information during list-learning tasks. Although several calculations for learning slopes exist, the Learning Ratio (LR) has recently demonstrated the highest sensitivity toward changes...
9.
Gradwohl B, Hale A, Spencer R
Percept Mot Skills
. 2023 Jun;
130(5):1970-1984.
PMID: 37380620
The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was developed to briefly measure a broad range of cognitive abilities, but it initially lacked a scale to evaluate executive...
10.
Ikanga J, Taiwo Z, Lengu K, Epenge E, Esambo H, Gikelekele G, et al.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc
. 2023 May;
29(5):503-511.
PMID: 37161706
Objective: Using the African Neuropsychology Battery (ANB), we seek to develop normative data by examining the demographic effects for two learning process scores: initial learning (Trial One) and learning ratio...