Impact of a Clinical Pathway for Elective Infrarenal Aortic Reconstructions

Objective: To determine the impact of a clinical pathway for elective infrarenal aortic reconstruction on outcome, resource utilization, and cost in a university medical center.

Summary Background Data: Clinical pathways have been reported to control costs, reduce resource utilization, and maintain or improve the quality of patient care, although their use during elective aortic reconstructions remains unresolved.

Methods: A clinical pathway was developed for elective infrarenal aortic reconstructions by a multidisciplinary group comprised of representatives from each involved service. The prepathway practice and costs were analyzed and an efficient, cost-effective practice with specific outcome measures was defined. The impact of the pathway was determined by retrospective comparison of outcome, resource utilization, and cost (total and direct variable) between the pathway patients (PATH, n = 45) and a prepathway control group (PRE, n = 20).

Results: There were no significant differences in the patient demographics, comorbid conditions, operative indications, or type of reconstruction between the groups. There were no operative deaths and the overall complication rate (PRE, 35% vs. PATH, 34%) was similar. The pathway resulted in significant decreases in the total length of stay and preoperative length of stay and a trend toward a significant decrease (p = 0.08) in the intensive care length of stay for the admission during which the operation was performed. The pathway also resulted in significant decreases in both direct variable and total hospital costs for this admission, as well as a significant decrease in the overall direct variable and total hospital costs for the operative admission and the preoperative evaluation (< or =30 days before operative admission). Despite these reductions, the discharge disposition, 30-day readmissions, and number of postoperative clinic visits within 90 days of discharge were not different.

Conclusions: Implementation of a clinical pathway for elective infrarenal aortic reconstructions dramatically decreased resource utilization and hospital costs without affecting the quality of patient care and did not appear to shift the costs to another setting.