RANTES and MCP-3 Inhibit the Replication of T-cell-tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Strains (SF-2, MN, and HE)
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
The effects of the C-C chemokines RANTES (regulation upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and MCP-3 (monocyte chemotactic protein 3) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) activated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were investigated. The following T-cell line-tropic (T-tropic) HIV strains were tested: HIV type 1 (HIV-1) SF-2, HIV-1 IIIB, HIV-1 MN, HIV-1 NDK, HIV-1 HE, HIV-1 NL4-3, HIV-2 ROD, and HIV-2 EHO. The strain most sensitive to the antiviral effects of RANTES and MCP-3 appeared to be HIV-1 SF-2. A 50% inhibitory concentration for HIV-1 SF-2 of 4 ng of RANTES per ml was obtained, and that of MCP-3 was about 1 ng/ml. However, MCP-3 was inactive at 100 ng/ml. Other HIV-1 strains, such as MN and HE, were less sensitive to the antiviral effects of RANTES and MCP-3, whereas all the other HIV strains tested were insensitive. Although the ratio of CD3+ CD4+ to CD3+ CD8+ T cells was the same in HIV-infected PBMC cultures treated or untreated with the chemokines, RANTES and MCP-3 interfered with the binding of monoclonal antibody (MAb) OKT4 to the CD4 receptor on T cells but not with the binding of MAb OKT4A. Therefore, RANTES and MCP-3 not only interfere with the HIV-induced fusion process but also have some modulating effect on the CD4 cell receptor. The chemokines did not affect HIV-1 binding to PHA-stimulated PBMC. Taken together, our observations point to the important role that both RANTES and MCP-3 may play in inhibiting HIV-1 replication of certain T-tropic strains in primary PBMC cultures. This may have important implications for immunotherapeutic strategies designed to slow down disease progression in AIDS.
Recent Advances in the Discovery and Function of Antimicrobial Molecules in Platelets.
Aquino-Dominguez A, Romero-Tlalolini M, Torres-Aguilar H, Aguilar-Ruiz S Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(19).
PMID: 34638568 PMC: 8508203. DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910230.
Teo F, Nyo M, Wong A, Tan N, Koh M, Chan Y Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):4087.
PMID: 29511232 PMC: 5840398. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22379-6.
Poccia F, Agrati C, Martini F, Mejia G, Wallace M, Malkovsky M Immunol Lett. 2005; 100(1):14-20.
PMID: 16115692 PMC: 7172763. DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2005.06.025.
Marozsan A, Torre V, Johnson M, Ball S, Cross J, Templeton D J Virol. 2001; 75(18):8624-38.
PMID: 11507208 PMC: 115108. DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.18.8624-8638.2001.
Applications of flow cytometry to clinical microbiology.
Alvarez-Barrientos A, Arroyo J, Canton R, Nombela C, Sanchez-Perez M Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001; 13(2):167-95.
PMID: 10755996 PMC: 100149. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.13.2.167.