Fractures in Children Treated with Radiotherapy for Soft Tissue Sarcoma

There is a clear association between multimodal therapy for bone tumors and the development of skeletal complications; however, this has not been addressed in children with soft tissue sarcomas. We reviewed records of the 70 children treated for soft tissue sarcoma of the lower extremity at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital between 1962 and 1991. Of the 12 patients who received radiation after surgical excision of their tumors, three subsequently developed fractures. Two of the three had also received chemotherapy. Our findings indicate that, although the risk of fracture after therapy for soft tissue sarcoma may be multifactorial, radiation may play a significant role. Minimizing the size of surgical incisions, improving radiotherapy techniques, maximizing chemotherapy, and emphasizing physical therapy and appropriate follow up can all serve to decrease long-term toxicities. Such optimal use of therapy could subsequently reduce side effects, such as osteoporosis and muscle and bone atrophy, that predispose patients to fractures.