Laparoscopic Endometriosis Treatment: is It Better?

Objective: To assess the hypothesis that pregnancy rates (PRs) after operative laparoscopy (Laparoscopy Group) for endometriosis treatment would be equal to or greater than diagnostic laparoscopy only (No Treatment Group), diagnostic laparoscopy with medical treatment (Medical Treatment Group), and laparotomy (Laparotomy Group).

Design: Prospectively recorded data were analyzed to identify significant variables affecting PRs. These variables were statistically controlled for using survival analysis with multiple fixed covariates to compare operative laparoscopy PRs versus other treatment PRs.

Setting: Treatment was performed by the senior author in a referral reproductive endocrinology and surgery private practice.

Patients: Five hundred seventy-nine infertile women were diagnosed with endometriosis. A subset (n = 258) considered to have endometriosis only was evaluated separately (Endometriosis-Only Subset).

Interventions: Treatment groups included: No Treatment Group, Medical Treatment Group, Laparoscopy Group, and Laparotomy Group.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Pregnancy was used as the indicator of treatment success.

Results: Laparoscopy Group PRs were at least equal to all other treatment groups and were significantly higher than some other treatment groups in some comparisons.

Conclusions: Operative laparoscopy is the treatment of choice for infertile women with endometriosis unless they have severe tubal and/or fimbrial disease.