Correlates of Dissociative Symptomatology in Patients with Physical and Sexual Abuse Histories

Recent studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of sexual and physical abuse histories and high levels of dissociative symptoms in psychiatric inpatients. We examined whether severity, frequency, and age of onset of abuse correlated with subjects' levels of dissociative symptoms. Sixty-four women reporting a lifetime history of physical and/or sexual abuse were recruited from consecutive admissions to three wards of a psychiatric hospital. Subjects completed the Life Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ) and the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). Subjects' self-reports of severity, frequency, and age of onset of abuse were analyzed for correlations with DES score. More invasive sexual abuse was associated with more dissociation. Higher-frequency physical abuse was associated with more dissociation, but no conclusion could be drawn about the impact of frequent sexual abuse due to missing data. An inverse correlation was found between age of onset of abuse and degree of dissociative symptomatology. These preliminary findings are consistent with hypotheses linking more severe, more chronic, and earlier abuse to the greater development of dissociative symptoms. The findings further emphasize the importance of recognizing dissociative symptoms in the clinical setting, and of continued study into the effects of childhood trauma.