Isotonic Length/force Models of Nine Different Skeletal Muscles

Overview

Journal Med Biol Eng Comput

Publisher Springer

Specialties Biomedical Engineering
Medical Informatics

Date 1993 Sep 1

PMID 8295434

Citations 4

Authors

R V Baratta

M Solomonow

R Best

R DAmbrosia

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The isotonic length/force relationships of nine skeletal muscles in the cat's hindlimb were determined using electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve branches. Large variability in the active, passive, total force patterns and elongation ranges was found. The lateral gastrocnemius (LG), medial gastrocnemius (MG), peroneus longus (PL), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), tibialis posterior (TP) and soleus (Sol) showed symmetric active force curves, whereas those of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL), tibialis anterior (TA) and peroneus brevis (PB) were asymmetric. The total force curves of the EDL, LG, MG, FDL, TP and Sol increased quasilinearly through the elongation range, whereas the PL and PB increased in a nonlinear fashion. The TA had an intermediate plateau. The ranges were generally asymmetric, with a longer shortening range than lengthening past the optimum length. A simple model of the active force was fitted to all except the MG, EDL and TA, which are complex, with at least two compartments. These were successfully fitted with a two-compartment model. The variabilities encountered in the various isotonic length/force curves confirm the need to represent muscles according to their architecture to account for the variety of properties exhibited, which reflect their adaptations to their functions.

Citing Articles

Muscle force estimation from lower limb EMG signals using novel optimised machine learning techniques.

Mokri C, Bamdad M, Abolghasemi V Med Biol Eng Comput. 2022; 60(3):683-699.

PMID: 35029815 PMC: 8854337. DOI: 10.1007/s11517-021-02466-z.

Mechanics of feline soleus: II. Design and validation of a mathematical model.

Brown I, Scott S, Loeb G J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1996; 17(2):221-33.

PMID: 8793724 DOI: 10.1007/BF00124244.

Dynamic performance of three different load-moving muscles.

Roeleveld K, Baratta R, Solomonow M Med Biol Eng Comput. 1994; 32(4):446-52.

PMID: 7967813 DOI: 10.1007/BF02524700.

Force-velocity relations of nine load-moving skeletal muscles.

Baratta R, Solomonow M, Best R, Zembo M, DAmbrosia R Med Biol Eng Comput. 1995; 33(4):537-44.

PMID: 7475384 DOI: 10.1007/BF02522511.

References

Zhou B, Baratta R, Solomonow M . Manipulation of muscle force with various firing rate and recruitment control strategies. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1987; 34(2):128-39. DOI: 10.1109/tbme.1987.326037. View

Geffen L . Optimum length for contraction of rat circulated limb muscles. Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1964; 72(5):825-34. DOI: 10.3109/13813456409066459. View

Gordon A, HUXLEY A, Julian F . The variation in isometric tension with sarcomere length in vertebrate muscle fibres. J Physiol. 1966; 184(1):170-92. PMC: 1357553. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1966.sp007909. View

Baratta R, Zhou B, Solomonow M . Frequency response model of skeletal muscle: effect of perturbation level, and control strategy. Med Biol Eng Comput. 1989; 27(4):337-45. DOI: 10.1007/BF02441424. View

Woittiez R, Huijing P, Rozendal R . Influence of muscle architecture on the length-force diagram. A model and its verification. Pflugers Arch. 1983; 397(1):73-4. DOI: 10.1007/BF00585173. View

Huijing P, van Lookeren Campagne A, Koper J . Muscle architecture and fibre characteristics of rat gastrocnemius and semimembranosus muscles during isometric contractions. Acta Anat (Basel). 1989; 135(1):46-52. DOI: 10.1159/000146721. View

Baratta R, Solomonow M . Dynamic performance of a load-moving skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991; 71(2):749-57. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1991.71.2.749. View

ABBOTT B, WILKIE D . The relation between velocity of shortening and the tension-length curve of skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 1953; 120(1-2):214-23. PMC: 1366032. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1953.sp004886. View

Woittiez R, Huijing P, Boom H, Rozendal R . A three-dimensional muscle model: a quantified relation between form and function of skeletal muscles. J Morphol. 1984; 182(1):95-113. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.1051820107. View

10.

HUXLEY A . Muscular contraction. J Physiol. 1974; 243(1):1-43. PMC: 1330687. View

11.

Huijing P . Architecture of the human gastrocnemius muscle and some functional consequences. Acta Anat (Basel). 1985; 123(2):101-7. DOI: 10.1159/000146047. View

12.

Vaccaro D, Agarwal G, Gottlieb G . Nonlinear mechanical behavior in striated muscle and its relationship to underlying crossbridge activity. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1988; 35(6):426-34. DOI: 10.1109/10.2112. View

13.

Baratta R, Solomonow M . The effect of tendon viscoelastic stiffness on the dynamic performance of isometric muscle. J Biomech. 1991; 24(2):109-16. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(91)90355-q. View

14.

Brand P, Beach R, Thompson D . Relative tension and potential excursion of muscles in the forearm and hand. J Hand Surg Am. 1981; 6(3):209-19. DOI: 10.1016/s0363-5023(81)80072-x. View

15.

Walmsley B, HODGSON J, Burke R . Forces produced by medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles during locomotion in freely moving cats. J Neurophysiol. 1978; 41(5):1203-16. DOI: 10.1152/jn.1978.41.5.1203. View

16.

Huijing P, Ettema G . Length-force characteristics of aponeurosis in passive muscle and during isometric and slow dynamic contractions of rat gastrocnemius muscle. Acta Morphol Neerl Scand. 1988; 26(1):51-62. View

17.

Stephens J, Reinking R, Stuart D . The motor units of cat medial gastrocnemius: electrical and mechanical properties as a function of muscle length. J Morphol. 1975; 146(4):495-512. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.1051460406. View

18.

Baratta R, Solomonow M . The dynamic response model of nine different skeletal muscles. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1990; 37(3):243-51. DOI: 10.1109/10.52326. View

19.

RALSTON H, INMAN V . Mechanics of human isolated voluntary muscle. Am J Physiol. 1947; 151(2):612-20. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1947.151.2.612. View

20.

Kaufman K, An K, Chao E . Incorporation of muscle architecture into the muscle length-tension relationship. J Biomech. 1989; 22(8-9):943-8. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(89)90078-x. View