Intraoperative Two-dimensional Echocardiography and Color Flow Doppler Imaging: a Basic Transesophageal Single Plane Patient Examination Sequence

Overview

Journal Yale J Biol Med

Specialty Biology

Date 1993 Sep 1

PMID 7825339

Citations 3

Authors

T D Rafferty

H LIPPMANN

Affiliations

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Abstract

Recent advances in technology have allowed application of transesophageal echocardiography to intraoperative care of critically ill patients. Early clinical application primarily involved evaluation of left ventricular regional wall motion. However, valid intraoperative use of transesophageal echocardiography should also encompass systematic assessment of the entire heart as well as the great vessels. This report describes a 10-step sequence of single plane, two-dimensional echocardiographic views which constitute a basic patient examination capable of being performed by a practitioner whose primary responsibility is the delivery of anesthesia care. A 5-step color flow Doppler examination sequence is also presented. These views complement the two-dimensional echocardiographic steps. Representations of methods for grading Doppler-defined valvular regurgitation complete the report.

Citing Articles

Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging workshop: a basic transverse plane examination sequence.

Griffin M, Rafferty T, Rogers A, Prielipp R Yale J Biol Med. 1999; 71(6):521-35.

PMID: 10604784 PMC: 2578948.

Multiplane transesophageal echocardiography: a basic oblique plane patient imaging sequence.

Griffin M, Rafferty T Yale J Biol Med. 1999; 71(6):499-519.

PMID: 10604783 PMC: 2578939.

Intraoperative transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography: a basic vertical plane patient examination sequence.

Rafferty T, Tousignant G Yale J Biol Med. 1995; 68(3-4):119-47.

PMID: 8792603 PMC: 2588956.

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