Hindrance of Binding to Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules by a Single Amino Acid Residue Contiguous to a Determinant Leads to Crypticity of the Determinant As Well As Lack of Response to the Protein Antigen

The immune system has evolved the potential to respond to a wide variety of antigens, yet unresponsiveness to many foreign determinants is encountered frequently. Here, we report a lack of response to a particular determinant, hen egg lysozyme (HEL)-(46-61)-peptide (p46-61), in C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice, whereas a strong T-cell response to this determinant is obtained in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-identical C3H.SW mice. However, (C3H.SW x C57BL/6)F1 mice respond well to p46-61, suggesting the absence of a p46-61-specific "hole" in the T-cell repertoire in C57BL/6 mice. We further show that p46-61 cannot bind the I-Ab class II MHC molecule, whereas p46-60 lacking Arg61 exhibits good binding and is immunogenic in both strains. Thus, the presence of the hindering residue, Arg61, renders p46-61, a dominant determinant in C3H.SW, into a silent, cryptic determinant in C57BL/6 mice. Upon i.p. immunization with HEL, no T-cell responses to either HEL or p46-61 could be demonstrated in spleens of HEL-primed C57BL/6 mice, whereas a predominant response to p46-61 and HEL was demonstrated in C3H.SW mice. Evidently, C57BL/6 mice differ from C3H.SW in their ability to process p46-61 into an actual I-Ab binding determinant, indicating a putative enzymatic defect in the C57BL/6 strain. Furthermore, our results suggest that the inability of C57BL/6 mice to respond in the spleen to HEL is based upon its failure to generate a dominant immunogenic determinant from HEL, coupled with its pattern of susceptibility to regulatory effects.