Heteroduplex Mobility Assay and Phylogenetic Analysis of V3 Region Sequences of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates from Gulu, Northern Uganda. The Italian-Ugandan Cooperation AIDS Program

Overview

Journal J Virol

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Date 1995 Dec 1

PMID 7494310

Citations 17

Authors

L Buonaguro

E Del Guadio

M Monaco

D Greco

P Corti

F M Buonaguro

G Giraldo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 19 asymptomatic seropositive pregnant women from the district of Gulu in northern Uganda. A 700-bp fragment of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env gene, including the V3-V5 region, was successfully amplified by PCR from 10 samples (52.6%) and was subsequently subjected to both a heteroduplex mobility assay for genetic screening and subtyping and DNA sequence analysis (approximately 300 bp) for nucleotide comparison and phylogenetic studies. The results show the presence of HIV-1 A and D subtypes (or clades) in this rural area, with the prevalence of the A subtype (8 of 10) being greater than that of the D (2 of 10) subtype, which is unlike what was previously reported for Uganda. By pairwise comparison analysis, the percentage of sequence divergence among samples within each subtype is low (the average intrasubtype divergence is 15.8%), but it is significantly higher between the two subtypes (the average intersubtype divergence is 23%). At the amino acid level, the two HIV-1 subtypes show distinct tetramers at the apex of the V3 loop and, in particular, GPGQ in clade A and GPGR in clade D. In addition, 10 of the 19 viral samples (52.6%) have been isolated in vitro. Nine of the samples have been classified as rapid/high, which reflects a high in vitro replication capacity for the HIV-1 field isolates from this country, even for those obtained from seropositive asymptomatic individuals. These observations, despite being made on the basis of a limited sample size, show a modest degree of genetic divergence among samples isolated in the last 4 years in this country by comparison with those based on the 1990 data on HIV-1 isolates from Kampala. The results reported here are, therefore, extremely relevant for Uganda, which is one of the selected World Health Organization field sites for future HIV-1 vaccine evaluation programs.

Citing Articles

Selected HIV-1 Env trimeric formulations act as potent immunogens in a rabbit vaccination model.

Heyndrickx L, Stewart-Jones G, Jansson M, Schuitemaker H, Bowles E, Buonaguro L PLoS One. 2013; 8(9):e74552.

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Inferring viral population structures using heteroduplex mobility and DNA sequence analyses.

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Immunogenicity of HIV virus-like particles in rhesus macaques by intranasal administration.

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Effects of adjuvants on IgG subclasses elicited by virus-like particles.

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