Mitogenic Factors Present in Serum but Not in Plasma

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 1981 Sep 1

PMID 6946504

Citations 6

Authors

S D BALK

S P Levine

L L Young

M M LaFleur

N M Raymond

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In culture medium containing heparinized, heat-inactivated, chicken plasma, normal chicken heart mesenchymal cells do not proliferate but their Rous sarcoma virus-infected counterparts proliferate maximally. In medium containing serum derived from chicken whole blood or plasma, on the other hand, normal chicken heart mesenchymal cells proliferate actively, at similar overall rates and to similar extents. The rate and extent of normal cell proliferation are decreased by a factor of approximately 1/2 with whole blood-derived serum that is heparinized and inactivated; proliferation ceases in plasma-derived serum that is heparinized and inactivated. Heparinization and inactivation of serum does not affect the proliferation of Rous sarcoma virus-infected cells, indicating that this combined treatment eliminates a mitogenic (regulatory) rather than a supportive (nutrient) factor(s) for cell replication. We hypothesize that mitogen(s) is released from plasma protein precursors when plasma clots in the presence of formed elements of the blood or when plasma-derived serum is exposed to cultured cells; heparinization and inactivation, within the framework of this hypothesis, would render nonfunctional the plasma protein precursor(s) from which the mitogen(s) is generated. Alternatively, our data are consistent with the release of two mitogens during blood clotting, one from plasma protein precursors and the other from formed elements of the blood. We also have studied the proliferative behavior of Swiss and BALB/c 3T3 cells in whole blood-derived and plasma-derived human serum. Our studies suggest that the platelet-derived growth factor has an artifactual supportive (nutrient) role, rather than an authentic mitogenic role, in cell replication.

Citing Articles

Characterization of Human AB Serum for Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Expansion.

Dos Santos V, Mizukami A, Orellana M, Caruso S, da Silva F, Traina F Transfus Med Hemother. 2017; 44(1):11-21.

PMID: 28275329 PMC: 5318935. DOI: 10.1159/000448196.

Culture of human cell lines by a pathogen-inactivated human platelet lysate.

Fazzina R, Iudicone P, Mariotti A, Fioravanti D, Procoli A, Cicchetti E Cytotechnology. 2015; 68(4):1185-95.

PMID: 25944665 PMC: 4960166. DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9878-5.

Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells cultured in xeno-free culture condition enhance c-MYC expression increasing proliferation but bypassing spontaneous cell transformation.

Paula A, Martins T, Zonari A, Frade S, Angelo P, Gomes D Stem Cell Res Ther. 2015; 6:76.

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Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, ionomycin or ouabain, and raised extracellular magnesium induce proliferation of chicken heart mesenchymal cells.

BALK S, Morisi A, Gunther H Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984; 81(20):6418-21.

PMID: 6333683 PMC: 391935. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.81.20.6418.

Epidermal growth factor and insulin cause normal chicken heart mesenchymal cells to proliferate like their Rous sarcoma virus-infected counterparts.

BALK S, Shiu R, LaFleur M, Young L Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982; 79(4):1154-7.

PMID: 6280169 PMC: 345919. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.79.4.1154.

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