Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Human Costal Cartilage and Exploration of the Procedures to Protect the Tissue from Radiation Damage

Overview

Journal Histochem J

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 1978 Jul 1

PMID 669981

Authors

H E Edwards

J S Moore

G O Phillips

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The chemical changes produced following 60Co-gamma-irradiation of human costal cartilage have been monitored using "critical electrolyte concentration" (CEC) measurements utilizing Alcian Blue--magnesium chloride and Toluidine Blue--sodium chloride systems. The decrease in the CEC with radiation can be related to the decrease in hexose and hexosamine contents of the cartilage. Such changes arise as a result of degradation of the glycosaminoglycan component of the tissue. The state of the collagen fibres after irradiation has been examined using the Van Giesson stain and by biochemical assay of the hydroxyproline moeity. Energy transfer methods have been utilized to protect the glycosaminoglycan component of the cartilage from radiation damage.

References

Scott J, Dorling J, Stockwell R . Reversal of protein blocking of basophilia in salt solutions: implications in the localization of polyanions using alcian blue. J Histochem Cytochem. 1968; 16(5):383-6. DOI: 10.1177/16.5.383. View

Lewis R, Spencer A, Silbert J . Biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans by cultured mastocytoma cells. Biochem J. 1973; 134(2):455-63. PMC: 1177831. DOI: 10.1042/bj1340455. View

WOLBACH S . The Pathological Histology of Chronic X-ray Dermatitis and early X-ray Carcinoma. J Med Res. 2009; 21(3):415-450.7. PMC: 2099040. View

Moore J, Phillips G, Rhys D . Chemical effects of -irradiation of aqueous solutions of chondroitin-4-sulphate. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med. 1973; 23(2):113-9. DOI: 10.1080/09553007314550131. View

Mason R . Observations on the glycosaminoglycans of aging bronchial cartilage studied with Alcian Blue. Histochem J. 1971; 3(6):421-34. DOI: 10.1007/BF01014780. View

Woessner Jr J . The determination of hydroxyproline in tissue and protein samples containing small proportions of this imino acid. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1961; 93:440-7. DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(61)90291-0. View

Scott J, Dorling J . Differential staining of acid glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides) by alcian blue in salt solutions. Histochemie. 1965; 5(3):221-33. DOI: 10.1007/BF00306130. View

SZIRMAI J, GARDELL S . Microchemical analysis of glycosaminoglycans, collagen, total protein and water in histological layers of nasal septum cartilage. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967; 136(2):331-50. DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90079-7. View

Chung C, NICKERSON W . Polysaccharide syntheses in growing yeasts. J Biol Chem. 1954; 208(1):395-407. View

10.

ZLATEVA M, Dachev B . [Changes in the connective tissue of the oral mucosa in chronic radiation sickness]. Stomatologiia (Sofiia). 1969; 51(4):243-9. View

11.

Lohmander S, ANTONOPOULOS C, Friberg U . Chemical and metabolic heterogeneity of chondroitin sulfate and keratin sulfate in guinea pig cartilage and nucleus pulposus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973; 304(2):430-48. DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(73)90263-8. View

12.

Jooyandeh F, Moore J, MORGAN R, Phillips G . Chemical effects of gamma-irradiation of aqueous solutions of heparin and keratan sulphate. Radiat Res. 1971; 45(3):455-61. View

13.

Balazs E, Laurent T, HOWE A, Varga L . Irradiation of mucopolysaccharides with ultraviolet light and electrons. Radiat Res. 1959; 11:149-64. View

14.

Cessi C, Piliego F . The determination of amino sugars in the presence of amino acids and glucose. Biochem J. 1960; 77:508-10. PMC: 1205065. DOI: 10.1042/bj0770508. View

15.

Elson L, Morgan W . A colorimetric method for the determination of glucosamine and chondrosamine. Biochem J. 1933; 27(6):1824-8. PMC: 1253105. DOI: 10.1042/bj0271824. View

16.

KAPLAN D, Meyer K . Ageing of human cartilage. Nature. 1959; 183(4670):1267-8. DOI: 10.1038/1831267a0. View