Escherichia Coli Gal Operon Proteins Made After Prophage Lambda Induction

Overview

Journal J Bacteriol

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Specialty Microbiology

Date 1981 Sep 1

PMID 6268612

Citations 8

Authors

C R Merril

M E GOTTESMAN

S L Adhya

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Expression of the EScherichia coli gal operon under the control of the prophage lambda promoter pL leads to gross discoordinacy of gal expression. Expression of the most promoter-distal cistron galK is much greater than expression of the promoter-proximal cistron galE. We had previously shown that transcription of the gal operon is coordinate after prophage induction. A survey of protein synthesized after prophage induction indicated that lack of expression of galE is due to a failure of translation of the galE sequence in the pL-gal transcript. This failure of translation of the galE sequence may be due to extensive dyad symmetry present in the vicinity of the gal promoter region of the pL-gal transcript. This symmetry could result in a ribonucleic acid stem-loop structure, blocking the attachment of ribosomes at the Shine-Dalgarno sequence of galE. To test this model, strains bearing the IS1 or IS2 insertion, deletion, or new promoter mutation within the symmetrical region were constructed. The restoration of some galE expression after such disruptions of the symmetrical region indicated that the ribonucleic acid stem-loop structure did play a role in the discoordinate expression of gal from pL. However, failure to obtain galE expression coordinated with high levels of galK expression suggested that other components were involved, perhaps other symmetries between galE and the pL transcript.

Citing Articles

Protein Patterns of Growing and Starved Cells of a Marine Vibrio sp.

Amy P, Morita R Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983; 45(6):1748-52.

PMID: 16346308 PMC: 242533. DOI: 10.1128/aem.45.6.1748-1752.1983.

A ribosome binding site sequence is necessary for efficient expression of the distal gene of a translationally-coupled gene pair.

Das A, Yanofsky C Nucleic Acids Res. 1984; 12(11):4757-68.

PMID: 6377236 PMC: 318873. DOI: 10.1093/nar/12.11.4757.

lambda mutation in the Escherichia coli rho gene that inhibits the N protein activity of phage lambda.

Das A, GOTTESMAN M, Wardwell J, Trisler P, Gottesman S Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983; 80(18):5530-4.

PMID: 6225121 PMC: 384291. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.18.5530.

Regulatory region of the Klebsiella aerogenes tryptophan operon.

Blumenberg M, Yanofsky C J Bacteriol. 1982; 152(1):49-56.

PMID: 6181051 PMC: 221373. DOI: 10.1128/jb.152.1.49-56.1982.

Transcription termination regions of coliphage T7 DNA: the effects of nusA1.

Garner I, Cromie K, Marson E, Hayward R Mol Gen Genet. 1985; 200(2):295-301.

PMID: 3897796 DOI: 10.1007/BF00425439.

References

Morse D, BAKER R, Yanofsky C . Translation of the tryptophan messenger RNA of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968; 60(4):1428-35. PMC: 224937. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.60.4.1428. View

Wilson D, Hogness D . The enzymes of the galactose operon in Escherichia coli. IV. The frequencies of translation of the terminal cistrons in the operon. J Biol Chem. 1969; 244(8):2143-8. View

Adhya S, Shapiro J . The galactose operon of E. coli K-12. I. Structural and pleiotropic mutations of the operon. Genetics. 1969; 62(2):231-47. PMC: 1212270. DOI: 10.1093/genetics/62.2.231. View

Hirsch H, Starlinger P, Brachet P . Two kinds of insertions in bacterial genes. Mol Gen Genet. 1972; 119(3):191-206. DOI: 10.1007/BF00333858. View

Friedman D, Wilgus G, Mural R . Gene N regulator function of phage lambda immun21: evidence that a site of N action differs from a site of N recognition. J Mol Biol. 1973; 81(4):505-16. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90519-6. View

Adhya S, Gottesman M, de Crombrugghe B . Release of polarity in Escherichia coli by gene N of phage lambda: termination and antitermination of transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974; 71(6):2534-8. PMC: 388494. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.6.2534. View

Musso R, de Crombrugghe B, Pastan I, Sklar J, Yot P, Weissman S . The 5'-terminal nucleotide sequence of galactose messenger ribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974; 71(12):4940-4. PMC: 434015. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.12.4940. View

Ofarrell P . High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins. J Biol Chem. 1975; 250(10):4007-21. PMC: 2874754. View

Das A, Court D, Adhya S . Isolation and characterization of conditional lethal mutants of Escherichia coli defective in transcription termination factor rho. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976; 73(6):1959-63. PMC: 430427. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.6.1959. View

10.

Nakamura Y, Yura T . Induction of sigma factor synthesis in Escherichia coli by the N gene product of bacteriophage lambda. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976; 73(12):4405-9. PMC: 431475. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.12.4405. View

11.

Sklar J, Weissman S, Musso R, DiLauro R, de Crombrugghe B . Determination of the nucleotide sequence of part of the regulatory region for the galactose operon from Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1977; 252(10):3538-47. View

12.

Merril C, Gottesman M, Court D, Adhya S . Disco-ordinate expression of the Escherichia coli gal operon after prophage lambda induction. J Mol Biol. 1978; 118(2):241-5. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90415-1. View

13.

Hilliker S, Gottesman M, Adhya S . The activity of Salmonella phage P22 gene 24 product in Escherichia coli. Virology. 1978; 86(1):37-47. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(78)90005-3. View

14.

Adhya S, Gottesman M . Control of transcription termination. Annu Rev Biochem. 1978; 47:967-96. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bi.47.070178.004535. View

15.

Salstrom J, SZYBALSKI W . Coliphage lambdanutL-: a unique class of mutants defective in the site of gene N product utilization for antitermination of leftward transcription. J Mol Biol. 1978; 124(1):195-221. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90156-0. View

16.

Fukasawa T, Hirai K, Segawa T, Obonai K . Regional replication of the bacterial chromosome induced by derepression of prophage lambda. IV. Escape synthesis of gal operon in phage 82. Mol Gen Genet. 1978; 167(1):83-93. DOI: 10.1007/BF00270324. View

17.

Kuhn S, Fritz H, Starlinger P . Close vicinity of IS1 integration sites in the leader sequence of the gal operon of E. coli. Mol Gen Genet. 1979; 167(3):235-41. DOI: 10.1007/BF00267414. View

18.

Merril C, Leavitt J, Van Keuren M, EBERT M, Caine E . Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Neurology. 1979; 29(1):131-4. DOI: 10.1212/wnl.29.1.131. View

19.

Roberts T, Kacich R, Ptashne M . A general method for maximizing the expression of a cloned gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979; 76(2):760-4. PMC: 383043. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.76.2.760. View

20.

de Crombrugghe B, Mudryj M, DiLauro R, Gottesman M . Specificity of the bacteriophage lambda N gene product (pN): nut sequences are necessary and sufficient for antitermination by pN. Cell. 1979; 18(4):1145-51. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90227-7. View