The Role of Gastric Lipolysis on Fat Absorption and Bile Acid Metabolism in the Rat

Overview

Journal Lipids

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 1979 Sep 1

PMID 491866

Citations 6

Authors

C C Roy

M Roulet

D Lefebvre

L Chartrand

G Lepage

L A Fournier

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In vivo studies were carried out in young Sprague-Dawley rats to examine the role of gastric lipolysis on fat absorption and bile acid metabolism. When fed by gastric perfusion 5 times (corn oil, 4 g/day) their usual dietary intake of fat, rats deprived of lingual lipase by the creation of an esophageal fistula had a significant degree of fat and bile acid malabsorption as well as a shortened bile acid half-life when compared to animals with a gastrostomy. The % fat absorption, bile acid loss and bile acid pool were normal in 2 groups of esophageal fistula rats fed the same quantity of corn oil or twice (8 g/day) that amount as a fine emulsion. In view of a negligible gastric lipase activity in animals with an esophageal fistula and of decreased hydrolysis of a triglyceride test meal, these data suggest that gastric lipolysis is of physiological importance in situations where lipolytic mechanisms are stressed by a large fat intkae. Its principal role is to potentiate intestinal lipolysis by facilitating the emulsification of dietary lipids through its formed products and, therefore, the contact of pancreatic lipase with its substrates.

Citing Articles

Human pancreatic digestive enzymes.

Whitcomb D, Lowe M Dig Dis Sci. 2007; 52(1):1-17.

PMID: 17205399 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9589-z.

Oral delivery of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in a lipid formulation induces resistance to pulmonary tuberculosis in mice.

Aldwell F, Tucker I, de Lisle G, Buddle B Infect Immun. 2002; 71(1):101-8.

PMID: 12496154 PMC: 143408. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.1.101-108.2003.

Pancreatic lipase/colipase-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis is required for cholesterol transport from lipid emulsions to intestinal cells.

Young S, Hui D Biochem J. 1999; 339 ( Pt 3):615-20.

PMID: 10215600 PMC: 1220197.

Lingual lipase in cystic fibrosis. Quantitation of enzyme activity in the upper small intestine of patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.

Abrams C, HAMOSH M, Hubbard V, Dutta S, HAMOSH P J Clin Invest. 1984; 73(2):374-82.

PMID: 6699170 PMC: 425027. DOI: 10.1172/JCI111222.

Cystic fibrosis--a gastroenterological cornucopia.

Zentler-Munro P Gut. 1987; 28(11):1531-47.

PMID: 3322958 PMC: 1433695. DOI: 10.1136/gut.28.11.1531.

References

Roy R, Pollnitz R, Hamilton J, Chance G . Impaired assimilation of nasojejunal feeds in healthy low-birth-weight newborn infants. J Pediatr. 1977; 90(3):431-4. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(77)80710-5. View

Hernell O . Human milk lipases. III. Physiological implications of the bile salt-stimulated lipase. Eur J Clin Invest. 1975; 5(3):267-72. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1975.tb02294.x. View

HAMOSH M, Sivasubramanian K, HAMOSH P . Fat digestion in the stomach of premature infants. I. Characteristics of lipase activity. J Pediatr. 1978; 93(4):674-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80915-9. View

HAMOSH M, SCOW R . Lingual lipase and its role in the digestion of dietary lipid. J Clin Invest. 1973; 52(1):88-95. PMC: 302230. DOI: 10.1172/JCI107177. View

Marzo A, Ghirardi P, Sardini D, Meroni G . Simplified measurement of monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, and free fatty acids in biological samples. Clin Chem. 1971; 17(3):145-7. View

HAMOSH M . A review. Fat digestion in the newborn: role of lingual lipase and preduodenal digestion. Pediatr Res. 1979; 13(5 Pt 1):615-22. DOI: 10.1203/00006450-197905000-00008. View

Weber A, Roy C, Chartrand L, Lepage G, Dufour O, Morin C . Relationship between bile acid malabsorption and pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis. Gut. 1976; 17(4):295-9. PMC: 1411100. DOI: 10.1136/gut.17.4.295. View

McGovern R, QUACKENBUSH F . Turnover of bile acids in the hypercholesterolemic rat as influenced by saturation of dietary fat. Lipids. 1973; 8(8):466-9. DOI: 10.1007/BF02531765. View

HAMOSH M, Klaeveman H, WOLF R, SCOW R . Pharyngeal lipase and digestion of dietary triglyceride in man. J Clin Invest. 1975; 55(5):908-13. PMC: 301833. DOI: 10.1172/JCI108019. View

10.

Borgstrom B, Dahlqvist A, LUNDH G, Sjovall J . Studies of intestinal digestion and absorption in the human. J Clin Invest. 1957; 36(10):1521-36. PMC: 1072752. DOI: 10.1172/JCI103549. View

11.

Roy C, Chartrand L, Weber A, Bard H, Doray B . Correction of the malabsorption of the preterm infant with a medium-chain triglyceride formula. J Pediatr. 1975; 86(3):446-50. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(75)80983-8. View

12.

Sklan D, Budowski P . The effect of lipids on taurocholate absorption from intestinal loops in the rat. Lipids. 1977; 12(2):193-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF02533293. View

13.

WATKINS J, Szczepanik P, Gould J, Klein P, Lester R . Bile salt metabolism in the human premature infant. Preliminary observations of pool size and synthesis rate following prenatal administration of dexamethasone and phenobarbital. Gastroenterology. 1975; 69(3):706-13. View

14.

Signer E, Murphy G, Edkins S, Anderson C . Role of bile salts in fat malabsorption of premature infants. Arch Dis Child. 1974; 49(3):174-80. PMC: 1648708. DOI: 10.1136/adc.49.3.174. View

15.

Roy C, Weber A . Clinical implications of bile acids in paediatrics. Clin Gastroenterol. 1977; 6(2):377-95. View

16.

Schiff E, Small N, Dietschy J . Characterization of the kinetics of the passive and active transport mechanisms for bile acid absorption in the small intestine and colon of the rat. J Clin Invest. 1972; 51(6):1351-62. PMC: 292272. DOI: 10.1172/JCI106931. View

17.

Weber A, Chartrand L, Doyon G, Gordon S, Roy C . The quantitative determination of fecal bile acids in children by the enzymatic method. Clin Chim Acta. 1972; 39(2):524-31. DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90082-4. View

18.

Eriksson S . Biliary excretion of bile acids and cholesterol in bile fistula rats; bile acids and steroids. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1957; 94(3):578-82. DOI: 10.3181/00379727-94-23018. View

19.

Olivecrona T, Billstrom A, Fredrikzon B, Johnson O, Samuelson G . Gastric lipolysis of human milk lipids in infants with pyloric stenosis. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1973; 62(5):520-2. DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08149.x. View

20.

Hofmann A, Hoffman N . Measurement of bile and acid kinetics by isotope dilution in man. Gastroenterology. 1974; 67(2):314-23. View