Attitudes and Behaviors of the Public Toward over the Counter (OTC) Medications in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Overview

Journal Healthcare (Basel)

Specialty Health Services

Date 2025 Mar 13

PMID 40077034

Authors

Mohammed S Alharthi

Fahad T Alsulami

Ahmed Ibrahim Fathelrahman

Majed A Alqarni

Nasser M Alorfi

Mohammed S Alzahrani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Over the counter (OTC) medications are readily accessible to the public and can be obtained without a prescription for self-care. Ensuring their safe and effective use is essential to safeguarding the well-being of the region's diverse population. This research explores public attitudes and behaviors toward OTC medications in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia in order to inform and advance public health initiatives. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire was used to survey 200 respondents. The collected data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The demographic-OTC medication purchase relationship was examined using the chi-square test. Among the 200 participants, 79.5% were aware of potential drug interactions, and 74% supported stricter regulations on OTC sales. However, only 29.5% believed OTC medications are generally safe without a doctor's prescription. Notably, 15.5% reported exceeding recommended dosages, and 66% admitted sharing medications. Participants commonly relied on healthcare professionals for advice (64.6%). Despite moderate knowledge, many exhibited risky behaviors, highlighting gaps in consumer awareness and safety practices. It is critical to determine the degree of public knowledge in this field in order to identify gaps in consumer awareness of OTC medications and specific areas that may demand targeted educational programs in Saudi Arabia. Information on potential side effects and circumstances that exclude the use of over the counter medications must also be examined. Attitudes towards symptom management and a tendency for self-medication may influence the use of OTC as an alternative to seeking medical advice.

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