Phytochemical Insights and Therapeutic Potential of and

Overview

Journal Molecules

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biology

Date 2025 Mar 13

PMID 40076409

Authors

Akmaral Kozhantayeva

Zhanar Iskakova

Manshuk Ibrayeva

Ardak Sapiyeva

Moldir Arkharbekova

Yerbolat Tashenov

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The genus, particularly and , is recognized for its rich phytochemical composition and extensive medicinal properties. These species are abundant in polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins, which contribute to their potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of their phytochemical constituents, with an emphasis on how processing methods, including fermentation, influence bioactivity. Notably, fermentation enhances the levels of key bioactive compounds, such as oenothein B, gallic acid, and ellagic acid, thereby increasing their pharmacological potential. Additionally, this review evaluates the biological activities of species in relation to their chemical composition, while also considering the limitations of current studies, such as the lack of in vivo or clinical trials. The literature for this review was sourced from scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, covering research from 2010 to 2024. Future studies should focus on optimizing extraction methods, elucidating synergistic bioactivities, and conducting in-depth clinical trials to validate their efficacy and safety.

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