Identification of Gangliosides and Ceramides As Biomarkers for Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (hunter Syndrome) Through Untargeted Lipidomic Analysis
Overview
Affiliations
Introduction: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome) is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by iduronate-2-sulfatase deficiency, affecting mainly male patients. The lack of its enzyme activity causes the accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate in all body tissues and leads to a secondary accumulation of gangliosides and ceramides.
Objective And Methods: We conducted a lipidomic study to investigate the dysregulation of lipid pathways in neuronopathic MPS type II. A modified liquid extraction was performed for untargeted lipid analysis. A reverse phase ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry allowed the identification of upregulated ganglioside and ceramide biomarkers in the plasma and urine of a MPS II patient group compared to a healthy control group.
Results: The altered pathways, including those related to glycerophospholipid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation, highlight the essential role of lipid metabolism in the progression of the disease.
Conclusion: The accumulation of gangliosides and ceramides could be associated with the neuropathology in various lysosomal storage diseases including MPS II.