Unraveling Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Through the Use of Omics Technologies

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2025 Feb 26

PMID 40004054

Authors

Maria V Bourganou

Maria Eleni Chondrogianni

Ioannis Kyrou

Christina-Maria Flessa

Antonios Chatzigeorgiou

Evangelos Oikonomou

Vaia Lambadiari

Harpal S Randeva

Eva Kassi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is the most prevalent liver disorder globally, linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk. Understanding its potential progression from simple steatosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial for patient management and treatment strategies. The disease's complexity requires innovative approaches for early detection and personalized care. Omics technologies-such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and exposomics-are revolutionizing the study of MASLD. These high-throughput techniques allow for a deeper exploration of the molecular mechanisms driving disease progression. Genomics can identify genetic predispositions, whilst transcriptomics and proteomics reveal changes in gene expression and protein profiles during disease evolution. Metabolomics offers insights into the metabolic alterations associated with MASLD, while exposomics links environmental exposures to MASLD progression and pathology. By integrating data from various omics platforms, researchers can map out the intricate biochemical pathways involved in liver disease progression. This review discusses the roles of omics technologies in enhancing the understanding of disease progression and highlights potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets within the MASLD spectrum, emphasizing the need for non-invasive tools in disease staging and treatment development.

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