Genetic Diversity and Dietary Adaptations of the Central Plains Han Chinese Population in East Asia

Overview

Journal Commun Biol

Specialty Biology

Date 2025 Feb 22

PMID 39987348

Authors

Xiaoyang Qiao

Jianxiang Shi

Hongen Xu

Kai Liu

Youwei Pu

Xia Xue

Wangshan Zheng

Yongbo Guo

Hao Ma

Chuan-Chao Wang

Habtom K Bitsue

Xiaoyu Xu

Shanshan Wang

Jingru Zhao

Xiangqian Guo

Xinyue Hou

Xinwei Wang

Lei Peng

Zan Qiu

Bing Su

Wenxue Tang

Yaoxi He

Jiancheng Guo

Zhaohui Yang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The Central Plains Han Chinese (CPHC) is the typical agricultural population of East Asia. Investigating the genome of the CPHC is crucial to understanding the genetic structure and adaptation of the modern humans in East Asia. Here, we perform whole genome sequencing of 492 CPHC individuals and obtained 22.65 million SNPs, 4.26 million INDELs and 41,959 SVs. We found the CPHC has a higher level of genetic diversity and the glycolipid metabolic genes show strong selection signals, e.g. LONP2, FADS2, FGF21 and SLC19A2. Ancient DNA analyses suggest that the domestication of crops, which drove the emergence of the candidate mutations. Notably, East Asian-specific SVs, e.g., DEL_21699 (LINC01749) and DEL_38406 (FAM102A) may be associated with the high prevalence of esophageal squamous carcinoma and primary angle-closure glaucoma. Our results provide an important genetic resource and show that dietary adaptations play an important role in phenotypic evolution in East Asian populations.

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