Joint Association of Systemic Inflammatory Response Index and Sarcopenia with Mortality Among Individuals with Self-reported Cancer

Overview

Journal BMC Cancer

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Oncology

Date 2025 Feb 14

PMID 39953396

Authors

Zhifei Huang

Wenjia Peng

Mengdie Zhao

Bo Gao

Jing Qian

ShuangQiu Zhu

Tao Jiang

Mingdong Ren

Sulaiman Abdulahi Yusuf

Zelai He

Hao Jiang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the joint association of systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and sarcopenia with cancer-specific and all-cause mortality in individuals with self-reported cancer.

Methods: The study cohort comprised individuals with a self-reported cancer diagnosis from the NHANES database, with data collected between 1999 and 2006 and 2011-2018. The researchers tracked deaths up to 31 December 2019 by linking the relevant records to those held by the (NDI). A weighted sampling design was employed, with participants stratified according to the median value of the SIRI. Cox regression models were employed to assess the association between SIRI, sarcopenia, all-cause mortality, and cancer-specific mortality.

Results: The study cohort comprised 1316 individuals with self-reported cancer. Over a median follow-up period of 9.21 years, 523 all-cause deaths were recorded, including 163 cancer-specific and 360 non-cancer deaths. Adjusting for multiple confounders, elevated SIRI levels were significantly associated with increased risks of all-cause (HR = 1.90 [1.58-2.28]), cancer (HR = 1.88 [1.26-2.78]), and non-cancer mortality (HR = 1.93 [1.54-2.41]). Sarcopenia also emerged as a significant predictor of mortality. Individuals with sarcopenia faced a 50% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.50 [1.18-1.91]) and a 54% higher risk of non-cancer mortality (HR = 1.54 [1.11-2.12]). However, the association with cancer mortality was not significant in the fully adjusted model. When both sarcopenia and elevated SIRI were present, the risk was the highest for all-cause (HR = 2.54 [1.92-3.37]), cancer (HR = 2.29 [1.19-4.40]), and non-cancer mortality (HR = 2.63 [1.78-3.89]). Elevated SIRI alone was linked to significant risks for all-cause (HR = 1.91 [1.51-2.42]), cancer (HR = 1.95 [1.28-2.97]), and non-cancer mortality (HR = 1.92 [1.46-2.53]). Sarcopenia alone significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.63 [1.01-2.56]) but not cancer mortality.

Conclusion: Our study is the first to demonstrate the joint association between the SIRI and sarcopenia with mortality among individuals with self-reported cancer. These findings underscore the importance of assessing and managing these two factors in individuals with self-reported cancer to reduce the risk of death and improve survival outcomes.

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