Cytoplasmic SALL4-A Isoform Expression As a Diagnostic Marker of Less Aggressive Tumor Behavior in Gastric Cancer

Overview

Journal World J Surg Oncol

Publisher Biomed Central

Date 2025 Feb 5

PMID 39905414

Authors

Saeed Rahmani

Amirhesam Babajani

Maryam Abolhasani

Roya Ghods

Elham Kalantari

Zahra Madjd

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) poses significant challenges globally, ranking fifth in incidence and fourth in cancer-related mortality. SALL4, a stem cell transcription factor with multiple isoforms, includes SALL4-A as its full-length form. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic potential of SALL4-A isoform expression in GC and its clinical significance.

Method: Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was conducted on Tissue Micro Array (TMA) slides from 167 GC patients. Clinicopathological parameters were correlated with SALL4-A expression, and survival analysis was performed. Diagnostic performance was assessed using metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).

Results: SALL4-A exhibited distinct cytoplasmic expression in GC, correlating with lower histological grade (p = 0.003) and TNM stage (p = 0.003), particularly in the intestinal subtype. Diagnostic evaluation showed an AUC of 0.803 for cytoplasmic expression, demonstrating high diagnostic potential. However, SALL4-A expression did not show significant prognostic value.

Conclusion: Cytoplasmic SALL4-A expression in GC is associated with less aggressive tumor phenotypes and shows promise as a diagnostic marker. Further research is warranted to elucidate its mechanistic role and potential integration into clinical practice.

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