Bivalirudin Functionalized Hydrogel Coating Capable of Catalytical NO-generation for Enhanced Anticorrosion and Biocompatibility of Magnesium Alloy

Overview

Journal Mater Today Bio

Date 2025 Feb 3

PMID 39896280

Authors

Changjiang Pan

Naiquan Yang

Jie Chen

Qiuyang Zhang

Linhong Deng

Teng Luo

Lingjie Meng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Magnesium and its alloys are undoubtedly ideal candidates for manufacturing new bioabsorbable vascular stents thanks to their good bio-absorbability and better mechanical characteristics. However, the bottlenecks that restrict their clinical application, such as fast corrosion , poor hemocompatibility, and inferior surface endothelial regeneration ability, have not been resolved fundamentally. In this study, a polydopamine (PDA) intermediate layer covalently linked with acrylamide was first constructed on the alkali-heat-treated magnesium alloys, followed by polymerizing methacryloyloxyethyl sulfonyl betaine (SBMA) and acrylamide (AAM) to fabricate a hydrogel coating on the surface by ultraviolet (UV) polymerization. Finally, bivalirudin and selenocystamine were sequentially grafted onto the hydrogel coating surface to construct a multifunctional bioactive corrosion-resistant coating with excellent antifouling, anticoagulant performance, and catalytic liberation of NO (nitric oxide) to facilitate endothelial cell (EC) growth. The outcomes verified that the bioactive coating could not only significantly resist corrosion of magnesium alloys, but also had excellent hydrophilicity and the ability to selectively promote albumin adsorption, which could prevent platelet adhesion and activation and significantly diminish the hemolysis occurrence, thereby considerably facilitating its anticoagulant properties. At the same time, due to the hydrophilicity and extracellular matrix-like characteristics of the hydrogel coating, the coating could promote EC growth and upregulate the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and NO of endothelial cells (ECs). In the case of catalytic NO-liberation, the catalytic release of NO could further significantly improve blood compatibility, EC growth, and functional expressions of ECs. Therefore, the method in this study provides an effective strategy to fabricate the bioactive hydrogel coating that can simultaneously resist corrosion and enhance the biocompatibility of magnesium-based alloys, thereby effectively promoting research and application of magnesium alloy in intravascular stents.

References

Yao L, He C, Chen S, Zhao W, Xie Y, Sun S . Codeposition of Polydopamine and Zwitterionic Polymer on Membrane Surface with Enhanced Stability and Antibiofouling Property. Langmuir. 2018; 35(5):1430-1439. DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01621. View

Lei J, Vodovotz Y, Tzeng E, Billiar T . Nitric oxide, a protective molecule in the cardiovascular system. Nitric Oxide. 2013; 35:175-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.09.004. View

Yang W, Chen S, Cheng G, Vaisocherova H, Xue H, Li W . Film thickness dependence of protein adsorption from blood serum and plasma onto poly(sulfobetaine)-grafted surfaces. Langmuir. 2008; 24(17):9211-4. DOI: 10.1021/la801487f. View

Liu K, Cheng A, You J, Chang Y, Tseng C, Ger M . Biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of drug coatings with different polymers for magnesium alloy cardiovascular stents. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2024; 245:114202. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114202. View

Lu L, Yuan S, Wang J, Shen Y, Deng S, Xie L . The Formation Mechanism of Hydrogels. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017; 13(7):490-496. DOI: 10.2174/1574888X12666170612102706. View

Hou Z, Xiang M, Chen N, Cai X, Zhang B, Luo R . The biological responses and mechanisms of endothelial cells to magnesium alloy. Regen Biomater. 2021; 8(3):rbab017. PMC: 8240605. DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab017. View

Huang N, Zhang S, Yang L, Liu M, Li H, Zhang Y . Multifunctional Electrochemical Platforms Based on the Michael Addition/Schiff Base Reaction of Polydopamine Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide: Construction and Application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015; 7(32):17935-46. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04597. View

Anand S, Kim M, Kamran M, Sharma S, Kini A, Fareed J . Comparison of platelet function and morphology in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention receiving bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin versus clopidogrel pretreatment and bivalirudin. Am J Cardiol. 2007; 100(3):417-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.02.106. View

Jia L, Bonaventura C, Bonaventura J, Stamler J . S-nitrosohaemoglobin: a dynamic activity of blood involved in vascular control. Nature. 1996; 380(6571):221-6. DOI: 10.1038/380221a0. View

10.

Stone G, McLaurin B, Cox D, Bertrand M, Lincoff A, Moses J . Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2006; 355(21):2203-16. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa062437. View

11.

Ho C, Ding S . Structure, properties and applications of mussel-inspired polydopamine. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2015; 10(10):3063-84. DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2014.1888. View

12.

Xin Y, Huo K, Tao H, Tang G, Chu P . Influence of aggressive ions on the degradation behavior of biomedical magnesium alloy in physiological environment. Acta Biomater. 2008; 4(6):2008-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.05.014. View

13.

Zhang Z, Yang Y, Li J, Zeng R, Guan S . Advances in coatings on magnesium alloys for cardiovascular stents - A review. Bioact Mater. 2021; 6(12):4729-4757. PMC: 8166647. DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.044. View

14.

Pan C, Zuo C, Chen J, Zhang Q, Deng L, Liu Y . Constructing sodium alginate/carboxymethyl chitosan coating capable of catalytically releasing NO or CO for improving the hemocompatibility and endothelialization of magnesium alloys. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024; 279(Pt 1):135166. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135166. View

15.

Derbyshire E, Marletta M . Structure and regulation of soluble guanylate cyclase. Annu Rev Biochem. 2012; 81:533-59. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-050410-100030. View

16.

Wang L, Xu R, Meng L, Zhang Q, Qian Z, Chen J . A fucoidan-loaded hydrogel coating for enhancing corrosion resistance, hemocompatibility and endothelial cell growth of magnesium alloy for cardiovascular stents. Biomater Adv. 2024; 163:213960. DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213960. View

17.

Faxalv L, Ekblad T, Liedberg B, Lindahl T . Blood compatibility of photografted hydrogel coatings. Acta Biomater. 2010; 6(7):2599-608. DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.046. View

18.

Cha W, Meyerhoff M . Catalytic generation of nitric oxide from S-nitrosothiols using immobilized organoselenium species. Biomaterials. 2006; 28(1):19-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.08.019. View

19.

Yang Z, Zhong S, Yang Y, Maitz M, Li X, Tu Q . Polydopamine-mediated long-term elution of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin from TiO nanotubes for improved vascular biocompatibility. J Mater Chem B. 2020; 2(39):6767-6778. DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01118j. View

20.

Tong P, Chen L, Sun X, Li H, Feng Y, Li J . Surface modification of biodegradable magnesium alloy with poly (L-lactic acid) and sulfonated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for cardiovascular application. Int J Biol Macromol. 2023; 237:124191. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124191. View