Characteristics of Different Lipid Droplet-mitochondrial Contacts Patterns During Lipid Droplet Metabolism in T2DM-induced MASLD

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Date 2025 Jan 27

PMID 39870911

Authors

Ye Xu

Yuan Zhang

Wen Sun

Qiang Tang

Wanyu Feng

Hongjian Xiao

Jingjie Wang

Xinmeng Yuan

Mengqi Xiang

Yaran Gao

Hanyu Zhang

Jiao Lu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Mitochondrial function is crucial for hepatic lipid metabolism. Current research identifies two types of mitochondria based on their contact with lipid droplets: peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) and cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). This work aimed to investigate the alterations of CM and PDM in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by spontaneous type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in db/db mice. It was found that insulin resistance increased both the number and size of lipid droplets in the liver by enhancing the accumulation of free fatty acids, which is accompanied by an increase in contacts with mitochondria. We described the different patterns of tight contacts between small lipid droplets and mitochondria in purified CM and PDM by examining their oxidation states and morphological characteristics. In CM, enhanced fatty acid oxidation resulted in elongated mitochondria that surrounded single small lipid droplets and were responsible for lipid droplet consumption, while in PDM, increased substrates for lipid synthesis promoted lipid droplet expansion with the assistance of the endoplasmic reticulum. These data show the different ways in which mitochondrial contact with lipid droplets could provide new insights for future research on liver lipid metabolism.

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