Personalized Photoprotection: Expert Consensus and Recommendations From a Delphi Study Among Dermatologists

Overview

Journal Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed

Date 2025 Jan 27

PMID 39868505

Authors

Magdalena de Troya-Martin

Alba Rodriguez-Martinez

Francisco Rivas-Ruiz

Andras Subert

Maria-Ivonne Arellano-Mendoza

Piergiacomo Calzavara-Pinton

Maria Victoria de Galvez

Yolanda Gilaberte

Chee-Leok Goh

Henry W Lim

Sergio Schalka

Peter Wolf

Salvador Gonzalez

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Recommending comprehensive personalized photoprotection requires an accurate assessment of the patient's skin, including phototype, lifestyle, exposure conditions, environmental factors, and concomitant cutaneous conditions as well as deep knowledge of the available options: sunscreen ingredients (type of filters, spectrum coverage, sun protection factor, enhanced active ingredients), oral photoprotection, and other methods of sun protection and avoidance.

Objectives: To establish consensus-based recommendations endorsed by an international panel of experts for personalized medical photoprotection recommendations that are applicable globally.

Methods: A two-round Delphi study was designed to determine the degree of agreement and relevance of aspects related to personalized medical photoprotection. Items with ≥ 80% agreement and relevance were considered approved.

Results: A list of 28 recommendations for personalized medical photoprotection was approved by a panel of dermatology professionals from seven different countries. Recommendations were categorized as: (1) updated perspectives in photoprotection, (2) clinical management, (3) skin cancer prevention, (4) dark skin phototypes and skin prone to hyperpigmentation, and (5) age and lifestyle.

Conclusion: This study established recommendations for the implementation of personalized medical photoprotection worldwide, highlighting areas needing further scientific and clinical evidence.

References

Stahl W, Krutmann J . [Systemic photoprotection through carotenoids]. Hautarzt. 2006; 57(4):281-5. DOI: 10.1007/s00105-006-1095-x. View

Pellacani G, Lim H, Stockfleth E, Sibaud V, Brugues A, Saint Aroman M . Photoprotection: Current developments and controversies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024; 38 Suppl 5:12-20. DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19677. View

Parrado C, Philips N, Gilaberte Y, Juarranz A, Gonzalez S . Oral Photoprotection: Effective Agents and Potential Candidates. Front Med (Lausanne). 2018; 5:188. PMC: 6028556. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00188. View

Matta M, Florian J, Zusterzeel R, Pilli N, Patel V, Volpe D . Effect of Sunscreen Application on Plasma Concentration of Sunscreen Active Ingredients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020; 323(3):256-267. PMC: 6990686. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.20747. View

Torbati T, Javanbakht V . Fabrication of TiO/ZnTiO/Ag nanocomposite for synergic effects of UV radiation protection and antibacterial activity in sunscreen. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019; 187:110652. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110652. View

Ali S, Khalid S . To study the effect of acute infrared radiation-induced alterations in human skin at cellular and molecular level using in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2021; 38(1):44-52. DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12714. View

He X, Guo Y, Goyal R . Effect of Hyperglycemia on Purinergic and Nitrergic Inhibitory Neuromuscular Transmission in the Antrum of the Stomach: Implications for Fast Gastric Emptying. Front Med (Lausanne). 2018; 5:1. PMC: 5787141. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00001. View

Krutmann J, Piquero-Casals J, Morgado-Carrasco D, Granger C, Trullas C, Passeron T . Photoprotection for people with skin of colour: needs and strategies. Br J Dermatol. 2023; 188(2):168-175. DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac046. View

Gonzalez S, Aguilera J, Berman B, Calzavara-Pinton P, Gilaberte Y, Goh C . Expert Recommendations on the Evaluation of Sunscreen Efficacy and the Beneficial Role of Non-filtering Ingredients. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022; 9:790207. PMC: 9008233. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.790207. View

Pourang A, Dourra M, Ezekwe N, Kohli I, Hamzavi I, Lim H . The potential effect of Polypodium leucotomos extract on ultraviolet- and visible light-induced photoaging. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2021; 20(9):1229-1238. DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00087-x. View

10.

Morgado-Carrasco D, Piquero-Casals J, Granger C, Trullas C, Passeron T . Melasma: The need for tailored photoprotection to improve clinical outcomes. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2022; 38(6):515-521. PMC: 9790748. DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12783. View

11.

Lyons A, Trullas C, Kohli I, Hamzavi I, Lim H . Photoprotection beyond ultraviolet radiation: A review of tinted sunscreens. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020; 84(5):1393-1397. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.079. View

12.

Ullman L, Nasir-Moin M, Hoffman V, Ghadersohi S, Swartzman I, de Weever M . Sunscreen use and affordability attitudes based on ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and Fitzpatrick skin type. Arch Dermatol Res. 2024; 316(6):266. DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02997-z. View

13.

Rigel D, Taylor S, Lim H, F Alexis A, Armstrong A, Fuxench Z . Photoprotection for skin of all color: Consensus and clinical guidance from an expert panel. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021; 86(3S):S1-S8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.019. View

14.

Taylor S, F Alexis A, Armstrong A, Fuxench Z, Lim H . Misconceptions of photoprotection in skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021; 86(3S):S9-S17. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.020. View

15.

Chen A, Martin A, Choy B, Fernandez-Penas P, Dalziell R, McKenzie C . A Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Nicotinamide for Skin-Cancer Chemoprevention. N Engl J Med. 2015; 373(17):1618-26. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1506197. View

16.

Snaidr V, Damian D, Halliday G . Nicotinamide for photoprotection and skin cancer chemoprevention: A review of efficacy and safety. Exp Dermatol. 2019; 28 Suppl 1:15-22. DOI: 10.1111/exd.13819. View

17.

Kumari J, Das K, Babaei M, Rokni G, Goldust M . The impact of blue light and digital screens on the skin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023; 22(4):1185-1190. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15576. View

18.

Schikowski T, Huls A . Air Pollution and Skin Aging. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2020; 7(1):58-64. DOI: 10.1007/s40572-020-00262-9. View

19.

Passeron T, Lim H, Goh C, Kang H, Ly F, Morita A . Photoprotection according to skin phototype and dermatoses: practical recommendations from an expert panel. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021; 35(7):1460-1469. PMC: 8252523. DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17242. View