Role of Age, Comorbidity, and Frailty in the Prediction of Postoperative Complications After Surgery for Vulvar Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study with the Development of a Nomogram

Overview

Journal Curr Oncol

Publisher MDPI

Date 2025 Jan 24

PMID 39851937

Authors

Giovanni Delli Carpini

Francesco Sopracordevole

Camilla Cicoli

Marco Bernardi

Lucia Giuliani

Mariasole Fichera

Nicolo Clemente

Anna Del Fabro

Jacopo Di Giuseppe

Luca Giannella

Enrico Busato

Andrea Ciavattini

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Surgery is the cornerstone of vulvar cancer treatment, but it is associated with a significant risk of complications that may impact prognosis, particularly in older patients with multiple comorbidities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of age, comorbidities, and frailty in predicting postoperative complications after vulvar cancer surgery and to develop a predictive nomogram. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including patients who underwent surgery for vulvar cancer at two Italian institutions from January 2018 to December 2023. A logistic regression model for the rate of Clavien-Dindo 2+ 30-days complications was run, considering the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (AACCI), body mass index (BMI), and frailty as exposures. Lesion characteristics and surgical procedures were considered as confounders. Among the 225 included patients, 50 (22.2%) had a grade 2+ complication. The predictive score of the nomogram ranged from 44 to 140. The AACCI (0-64 points) and BMI (0-100 points) were independently associated with a risk of complications. A nomogram including the AACCI and BMI predicts the risk of complications for patients undergoing surgery for vulvar cancer. The preoperative determination of the risk of complications enables surgical planning and allows a tailored peri- and postoperative management plan.

Citing Articles

Transperineal Vulvar Ultrasound: A Review of Normal and Abnormal Findings with a Proposed Standardized Methodology.

Montik N, Grelloni C, Delli Carpini G, Petrucci J, Di Giuseppe J, Ciavattini A Diagnostics (Basel). 2025; 15(5).

PMID: 40075874 PMC: 11899668. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15050627.

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