Recent Advances of Lysine Lactylation in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Overview

Journal Front Mol Biosci

Date 2025 Jan 24

PMID 39850757

Authors

Wenjuan Zhao

Jiayi Xin

Xin Yu

Zhifang Li

Nan Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lysine lactylation is a newly discovered protein post-translational modification that plays regulatory roles in cell metabolism, growth, reprogramming, and tumor progression. It utilizes lactate as the modification precursor, which is an end product of glycolysis while functioning as a signaling molecule in cells. Unlike previous reviews focused primarily on eukaryotes, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recent knowledge about lysine lactylation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The current identification and enrichment strategies for lysine lactylation are introduced, and the known readers, writers, and erasers of this modification are summarized. In addition, the physiological and pathological implications of lysine lactylation are reviewed for different organisms, especially in prokaryotic cells. Finally, we end with a discussion of the limitations of the studies so far and propose future directions for lysine lactylation investigations.

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