Neurobiological Mechanism of Music Improving Gait Disorder in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: a Mini Review

Overview

Journal Front Neurol

Date 2025 Jan 20

PMID 39830207

Authors

Ling-Zhi Huang

Zhi Qi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Walking ability is essential for human survival and health. Its basic rhythm is mainly generated by the central pattern generator of the spinal cord. The rhythmic stimulation of music to the auditory center affects the cerebral cortex and other higher nerve centers, and acts on the central pattern generator. By means of rhythm entrainment, the central pattern generator can produce walking rhythm synchronized with music rhythm, control muscle tension, and then regulate human gait. Basal ganglia dysfunction is the main cause of abnormal gait in patients with Parkinson's disease. Music therapy provides external rhythmic stimulation, recruits neural networks to bypass the basal ganglia and synchronizes gait with external rhythms in both time and space through auditory-motor neural networks, helping to promote the improvement of abnormal gait patterns in patients with Parkinson's disease.

References

Goosses M, Saliger J, Folkerts A, Nielsen J, Zierer J, Schmoll P . Feasibility of Music-Assisted Treadmill Training in Parkinson's Disease Patients With and Without Deep Brain Stimulation: Insights From an Ongoing Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Neurol. 2020; 11:790. PMC: 7498575. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00790. View

Kline A, Moschonas E, Bondi C . Music as medicine for traumatic brain injury: a perspective on future research directions. Neural Regen Res. 2024; 19(10):2105-2106. PMC: 11034591. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392862. View

Wu Z, Kong L, Zhang Q . Research Progress of Music Therapy on Gait Intervention in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(15). PMC: 9368619. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159568. View

Bloem B, Okun M, Klein C . Parkinson's disease. Lancet. 2021; 397(10291):2284-2303. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00218-X. View

Kameda M, Niikawa K, Uematsu A, Tanaka M . Sensory and motor representations of internalized rhythms in the cerebellum and basal ganglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023; 120(24):e2221641120. PMC: 10268275. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221641120. View

Capelli P, Pivetta C, Esposito M, Arber S . Locomotor speed control circuits in the caudal brainstem. Nature. 2017; 551(7680):373-377. DOI: 10.1038/nature24064. View

Quek D, Taylor N, Gilat M, Lewis S, Ehgoetz Martens K . Effect of dopamine on limbic network connectivity at rest in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait. Transl Neurosci. 2024; 15(1):20220336. PMC: 11066616. DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0336. View

Sveinbjornsdottir S . The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem. 2016; 139 Suppl 1:318-324. DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13691. View

Greenfield M, Merker B . Coordinated rhythms in animal species, including humans: Entrainment from bushcricket chorusing to the philharmonic orchestra. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023; 153:105382. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105382. View

10.

Naro A, Pignolo L, Bruschetta D, Calabro R . What about the role of the cerebellum in music-associated functional recovery? A secondary EEG analysis of a randomized clinical trial in patients with Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2022; 96:57-64. DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.02.012. View

11.

Schaffert N, Braun Janzen T, Mattes K, Thaut M . A Review on the Relationship Between Sound and Movement in Sports and Rehabilitation. Front Psychol. 2019; 10:244. PMC: 6379478. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00244. View

12.

Hattori Y, Tomonaga M . Rhythmic swaying induced by sound in chimpanzees (). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019; 117(2):936-942. PMC: 6969502. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910318116. View

13.

Burrai F, Apuzzo L, Zanotti R . Effectiveness of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Gait in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Holist Nurs Pract. 2021; 38(2):109-119. DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000462. View

14.

Favila N, Gurney K, Overton P . Role of the basal ganglia in innate and learned behavioural sequences. Rev Neurosci. 2023; 35(1):35-55. DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0038. View

15.

Caligiore D, Pezzulo G, Baldassarre G, Bostan A, Strick P, Doya K . Consensus Paper: Towards a Systems-Level View of Cerebellar Function: the Interplay Between Cerebellum, Basal Ganglia, and Cortex. Cerebellum. 2016; 16(1):203-229. PMC: 5243918. DOI: 10.1007/s12311-016-0763-3. View

16.

Zhou Z, Zhou R, Wei W, Luan R, Li K . Effects of music-based movement therapy on motor function, balance, gait, mental health, and quality of life for patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. 2021; 35(7):937-951. DOI: 10.1177/0269215521990526. View

17.

Kazanina N, Tavano A . What neural oscillations can and cannot do for syntactic structure building. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2022; 24(2):113-128. DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00659-5. View

18.

Weiss D, Schoellmann A, Fox M, Bohnen N, Factor S, Nieuwboer A . Freezing of gait: understanding the complexity of an enigmatic phenomenon. Brain. 2019; 143(1):14-30. PMC: 6938035. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz314. View

19.

Grahn J . The role of the basal ganglia in beat perception: neuroimaging and neuropsychological investigations. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1169:35-45. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04553.x. View

20.

Zentner M, Eerola T . Rhythmic engagement with music in infancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010; 107(13):5768-73. PMC: 2851927. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1000121107. View