Association of Diet Quality Scores with Risk of Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease in Iranian Population: a Nested Case-control Study

Overview

Journal J Diabetes Metab Disord

Date 2025 Jan 16

PMID 39816985

Authors

Ehsaneh Taheri

Yusuf Yilmaz

Fereshteh Ghorat

Alireza Moslem

Mohammad Reza Zali

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background And Aim: A healthy diet has been recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to investigate the associations of diet quality indices with the risk of developingmetabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods: We conducted this nested case-control study by recruiting 968 cases with MAFLD and 964 controls from the participants of the baseline phase of the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study (SPCS). MAFLD was defined as having a fatty liver index ≥ 60 plus at least one of the following: overweight or obese, Type II diabetes mellitus, or evidence of metabolic dysregulation. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We estimated the associations of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 with MAFLD risk using multivariable logistic regression.

Results: Among those in the highest relative to the lowest quintile of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were 0.45 (95% CI [confidence interval] 0.29-0.69; = 0.002) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.35-0.85; = 0.04), respectively.

Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that there is a significant associationbetween adherence to a healthy diet, indicated by a higher score of HEI or AHEI, and a reduced likelihood of developingMAFLD.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01544-x.

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