Impact of Exercise on Physiological, Biochemical, and Analytical Parameters in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Overview

Journal Medicina (Kaunas)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2025 Jan 8

PMID 39768897

Authors

Francisco Epelde

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a condition marked by diminished cardiac output and impaired oxygen delivery to tissues. Exercise, once avoided in HFrEF patients due to safety concerns, is now recognized as an important therapeutic intervention. Structured exercise improves various physiological, biochemical, and analytical parameters, including cardiac output, endothelial function, skeletal muscle performance, and autonomic regulation. Biochemically, exercise induces favorable changes in inflammatory markers, lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, and renal function. This paper reviews these changes, highlighting how exercise can be safely incorporated into HFrEF management. Further research is needed to tailor exercise interventions for individual patients to optimize outcomes.

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