Isolation and Characterization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus from Bovine Mastitis in North West Cameroon: Public Health Implications

Overview

Journal BMC Res Notes

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialties Biology
General Medicine

Date 2024 Dec 28

PMID 39731175

Authors

Seraphine Nkie Esemu

Shantal Fuenbi NyaNying

Lucy Mande Ndip

Pascal Obong Bessong

Nicoline Fri Tanih

Stella Ifeanyi Smith

Roland Ndip Ndip

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to veterinary and public health worldwide. We investigated mastitis milk samples for contamination with MRSA and also characterized the MRSA isolates by investigating antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors.

Result: We confirmed MRSA in 69 of 201 (34.3%) S. aureus isolates recovered from a total of 300 samples. Of the 69 MRSA, 19 (27.5%) were from subclinical cases, while 50 (72.5%) were from clinical cases. The MRSA showed high resistance to penicillin (100%), ampicillin (100%), trimethoprim (69.6%), and tetracycline (69.6%) while susceptibility was observed for gentamicin (100%), vancomycin (95.7%), and ciprofloxacin (91.3%). Most isolates (65.2%, 45/69) were multidrug resistant. Thirteen antibiotypes (A-A) were identified and the most prevalent was A (TMPETETAMPP). All MRSA produced haemolysins, caseinase, and coagulase. Lipase, gelatinase and lecithinase were found in 97.1%, 94.2% and 91.3% of isolates respectively. Genotyping revealed coa (100%) and spa (68.1%) genes. We recommend educating dairy farmers on the public health implications of consuming unpasteurized raw milk and the implementation of proper hygiene practices in dairy farms.

References

Nemati M, Hermans K, Lipinska U, Denis O, Deplano A, Struelens M . Antimicrobial resistance of old and recent Staphylococcus aureus isolates from poultry: first detection of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant strain ST398. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008; 52(10):3817-9. PMC: 2565892. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00613-08. View

Votintseva A, Fung R, Miller R, Knox K, Godwin H, Wyllie D . Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (spa) mutants in the community and hospitals in Oxfordshire. BMC Microbiol. 2014; 14:63. PMC: 4007515. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-63. View

Papadopoulos P, Angelidis A, Papadopoulos T, Kotzamanidis C, Zdragas A, Papa A . Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in bulk tank milk, livestock and dairy-farm personnel in north-central and north-eastern Greece: Prevalence, characterization and genetic relatedness. Food Microbiol. 2019; 84:103249. DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103249. View

Giovanni N, Elisa S, Marta C, Rosa F, Loredana C, Alessandra B . Occurrence and characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in buffalo bulk tank milk and the farm workers in Italy. Food Microbiol. 2020; 91:103509. DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103509. View

Kavanagh K . Control of in the United States: protocols, policies, risk adjustment and excuses. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019; 8:103. PMC: 6582558. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0550-2. View

Gebremedhin E, Ararso A, Borana B, Kelbesa K, Tadese N, Marami L . Isolation and Identification of from Milk and Milk Products, Associated Factors for Contamination, and Their Antibiogram in Holeta, Central Ethiopia. Vet Med Int. 2022; 2022:6544705. PMC: 9106507. DOI: 10.1155/2022/6544705. View

Stegger M, Andersen P, Kearns A, Pichon B, Holmes M, Edwards G . Rapid detection, differentiation and typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus harbouring either mecA or the new mecA homologue mecA(LGA251). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012; 18(4):395-400. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03715.x. View

Girmay W, Gugsa G, Taddele H, Tsegaye Y, Awol N, Ahmed M . Isolation and Identification of Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) from Milk in Shire Dairy Farms, Tigray, Ethiopia. Vet Med Int. 2020; 2020:8833973. PMC: 7443710. DOI: 10.1155/2020/8833973. View

Gonzalez-Machado C, Capita R, Alonso-Calleja C . Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) in Dairy Products and Bulk-Tank Milk (BTM). Antibiotics (Basel). 2024; 13(7). PMC: 11273636. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070588. View

10.

Aqib A, Ijaz M, Anjum A, Malik M, Mehmood K, Farooqi S . Antibiotic susceptibilities and prevalence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from bovine milk in Pakistan. Acta Trop. 2017; 176:168-172. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.08.008. View

11.

Turner N, Sharma-Kuinkel B, Maskarinec S, Eichenberger E, Shah P, Carugati M . Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an overview of basic and clinical research. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2019; 17(4):203-218. PMC: 6939889. DOI: 10.1038/s41579-018-0147-4. View

12.

Nam H, Lee A, Jung S, Kim M, Jang G, Wee S . Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Korea. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2010; 8(2):231-8. DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2010.0661. View

13.

Martineau F, Picard F, Lansac N, Menard C, Roy P, Ouellette M . Correlation between the resistance genotype determined by multiplex PCR assays and the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000; 44(2):231-8. PMC: 89663. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.44.2.231-238.2000. View

14.

Graveland H, Wagenaar J, Heesterbeek H, Mevius D, van Duijkeren E, Heederik D . Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in veal calf farming: human MRSA carriage related with animal antimicrobial usage and farm hygiene. PLoS One. 2010; 5(6):e10990. PMC: 2882326. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010990. View

15.

Parisi A, Caruso M, Normanno G, Latorre L, Sottili R, Miccolupo A . Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in bulk tank milk from southern Italy. Food Microbiol. 2016; 58:36-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.03.004. View

16.

Abegewi U, Esemu S, Ndip R, Ndip L . Prevalence and risk factors of coliform-associated mastitis and antibiotic resistance of coliforms from lactating dairy cows in North West Cameroon. PLoS One. 2022; 17(7):e0268247. PMC: 9321367. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268247. View

17.

Bissong M, Tahnteng B, Ateba C, Akoachere J . Pathogenic Potential and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of in Milk and Beef from the Northwest and Southwest Regions of Cameroon. Biomed Res Int. 2020; 2020:6015283. PMC: 7641691. DOI: 10.1155/2020/6015283. View

18.

Lakshmi H, Prasad U, Yeswanth S, Swarupa V, Prasad O, Narasu M . Molecular characterization of α-amylase from Staphylococcus aureus. Bioinformation. 2013; 9(6):281-5. PMC: 3607186. DOI: 10.6026/97320630009281. View

19.

Schnitt A, Tenhagen B . Risk Factors for the Occurrence of Methicillin-Resistant in Dairy Herds: An Update. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2019; 17(10):585-596. PMC: 7549011. DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2638. View

20.

Nhatsave N, Garrine M, Messa Jr A, Massinga A, Cossa A, Vaz R . Molecular Characterization of Isolated from Raw Milk Samples of Dairy Cows in Manhiça District, Southern Mozambique. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(8). PMC: 8402116. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081684. View