Advanced Footwear Technology in Non-Elite Runners: A Survey of Training Practices and Reported Outcomes

Advanced footwear technology (AFT) has gained popularity among non-elite runners due to its potential benefits in training and competition. This study investigated the training practices and reported outcomes in non-elite runners using AFT. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 61 non-elite runners competing in distances ranging from 5 km to marathons. The survey collected data on demographics, training parameters, footwear usage, perceived changes in running mechanics, and self-reported injuries. The results revealed a significant positive correlation (R = 0.6, < 0.0001) between years of AFT use and weekly training volume, indicating that more experienced runners are likely to incorporate AFT consistently into their routines. Conversely, a significant negative correlation (R = -0.5, < 0.0001) was found between training volume and the number of weekly sessions using AFT, suggesting a selective approach to footwear use. Participants reported biomechanical changes, such as increased forefoot support (49%) and higher calf muscle activation (44%), alongside a 16% self-reported injury rate, predominantly affecting the calves. These findings highlight the importance of proper guidance and gradual adaptation to maximize the benefits of AFT while minimizing injury risks. Future research should explore the long-term impact of AFT on performance and injury prevention through longitudinal studies.