Venom from Spiders Collected in Southeastern and Northeastern Brazilian Regions Cause Hemotoxic Effects on Human Blood Components

Overview

Journal Toxins (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Toxicology

Date 2024 Dec 27

PMID 39728790

Authors

Rafaela Silva-Magalhaes

Ayla Mel Gomes Dos Santos

Ana Luiza Silva-Araujo

Pamella Luize Peres-Damasio

Valeria Goncalves de Alvarenga

Luciana Souza de Oliveira

Eladio Flores Sanchez

Carlos Chavez-Olortegui

Luana Silveira da Rocha Nowicki Varela

Ana Luiza Bittencourt Paiva

Clara Guerra-Duarte

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Spiders of the genus represent a public health problem in Brazil due to the severity of the cutaneous and systemic effects that may result from their bite. In the systemic form of loxoscelism, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation can occur. Despite the seriousness of accidents, the venom of some species has not yet been properly characterized considering these hemotoxic effects, such as that of , , and . To better understand their toxic potential, this study aimed to characterize the hematotoxic properties of these venoms. The crude venom was obtained from specimens of , , and available from Funed's arachnidary. In washed platelets, inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen and convulxin, whereas and venoms were able to induce platelet aggregation. In the in vitro hemolysis assays, all venoms experimentally induced direct hemolysis of human erythrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, with different intensities. Furthermore, evidence suggest that the ABO and Rh systems may influence hemolytic activity. Finally, the studied venoms degraded fibrinogen, suggesting possible alterations in the coagulation cascade. Based in the here-presented preliminary study, in vivo assays in model animals are needed to verify the real toxic potential of these species' venom, building up knowledge to elucidate the action of venoms in blood.

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