Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Dialysis Patients: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Complications, and Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

Overview

Journal World J Nephrol

Publisher Baishideng Publishing Group

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2024 Dec 26

PMID 39723360

Authors

Ghada Araji

Praneeth R Keesari

Varun Chowdhry

Jonathan Valsechi-Diaz

Sarah Afif

Wassim Diab

Suzanne El-Sayegh

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Vitamin B12 deficiency is a significant concern among patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis. However, there hasn't been extensive research conducted on this particular patient group. The reported incidence rates vary widely, ranging from 20% to 90%, reflecting the complexity of its diagnosis. Dialysis patients often face multiple nutritional deficiencies, including a lack of essential vitamins, due to factors such as dietary restrictions, impaired absorption, and nutrient loss during dialysis. Diagnosing vitamin B12 deficiency in these patients is challenging, and addressing it is crucial to prevent complications and improve their overall quality of life. This review paper delves into the available body of evidence on vitamin B12 deficiency in dialysis patients, examining the contributing risk factors, diagnostic challenges, potential complications, and available treatment options. It provides a well-rounded perspective on the topic, making it a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare practitioners, and policymakers interested in addressing the nutritional needs of dialysis patients.

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