Expression of Lipid Metabolism and Cartilage Degeneration-related Factors in Lumbar Vertebral Endplate Modic Changes

Overview

Journal Jt Dis Relat Surg

Date 2024 Dec 25

PMID 39719900

Authors

Congjie Li

Di Li

Xiaowei Yao

Shaosong Sun

Bao Ren

Ye Han

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the expression of lipid metabolism and cartilage degeneration-related factors and Modic changes (MCs) of lumbar vertebral.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study included a total of 10 patients (6 males, 4 females; mean age: 60.4±8.7 years; range 51 to 82 years) who underwent lumbar interbody fusion surgery due to degenerative lumbar diseases (MC group), and 10 control patients (4 males, 6 females; mean age: 49.7±9.8 years; range, 42 to 76 years) with lumbar burst fractures (nonMC group) between January 2020 and December 2022. Clinical imaging data and cartilage tissues were collected to observe cartilage characteristics and pathological changes. The relative expression levels of lipid metabolism-related inflammatory factors matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thromboSpondin motifs-5 (ADAMTS-5), and aggrecan in cartilage were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The relative expression levels of MMP-1 and ADAMTS-5 proteins in cartilage tissues were detected by Western blotting.

Results: There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The color and transparency of the endplate cartilage in the control group were significantly better than those in the MCs group. Radiographic and hematoxylin-eosin staining of the endplate cartilage tissues showed that the extracellular matrix was higher in the control group than in the MCs group (p<0.05). Compared to the control group, qPCR analysis showed higher expression of MMP-1 and ADAMTS-5 in the MCs group, while aggrecan expression was lower (p<0.05). Western blot analysis showed that both MMP-1 and ADAMTS-5 expression were higher in the MCs group than in the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Lipid metabolism and cartilage degeneration-related inflammatory factors exist in the vertebral endplate of the patients with degenerative lumbar diseases, and the upregulation of MMP-1 and ADAMTS-5 may be related to MCs and endplate degeneration.

References

Wang J, Zheng Z, Huang B, Wu H, Zhang X, Chen Y . Osteal Tissue Macrophages Are Involved in Endplate Osteosclerosis through the OSM-STAT3/YAP1 Signaling Axis in Modic Changes. J Immunol. 2020; 205(4):968-980. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901001. View

Neidlinger-Wilke C, Boldt A, Brochhausen C, Galbusera F, Carstens C, Copf F . Molecular interactions between human cartilaginous endplates and nucleus pulposus cells: a preliminary investigation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2014; 39(17):1355-64. DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000000372. View

Viswanathan V, Shetty A, Rajasekaran S . Modic changes - An evidence-based, narrative review on its patho-physiology, clinical significance and role in chronic low back pain. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020; 11(5):761-769. PMC: 7452231. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.06.025. View

Binch A, Shapiro I, Risbud M . Syndecan-4 in intervertebral disc and cartilage: Saint or synner?. Matrix Biol. 2016; 52-54:355-362. PMC: 4875798. DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.01.005. View

Munir S, Freidin M, Rade M, Maatta J, Livshits G, Williams F . Endplate Defect Is Heritable, Associated With Low Back Pain and Triggers Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Longitudinal Study From TwinsUK. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2018; 43(21):1496-1501. DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002721. View

Yurube T, Takada T, Suzuki T, Kakutani K, Maeno K, Doita M . Rat tail static compression model mimics extracellular matrix metabolic imbalances of matrix metalloproteinases, aggrecanases, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in intervertebral disc degeneration. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012; 14(2):R51. PMC: 3446417. DOI: 10.1186/ar3764. View

Pfirrmann C, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, Hodler J, Boos N . Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001; 26(17):1873-8. DOI: 10.1097/00007632-200109010-00011. View

Li C, Gao W, Yao X, Tong T, Wang Y, Li W . The magnetic resonance imaging-based vertebral bone quality scoring system: A novel method to evaluate endplate changes in patients with primary single-level disk herniation and Modic changes. Jt Dis Relat Surg. 2024; 35(2):257-266. PMC: 11128952. DOI: 10.52312/jdrs.2024.1527. View

Werelusz P, Galiniak S, Molon M . Molecular functions of moonlighting proteins in cell metabolic processes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2023; 1871(1):119598. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119598. View

10.

Wang Z, Zhao Z, Han S, Hu X, Ye L, Li Y . Advances in research on fat infiltration and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022; 13:1067373. PMC: 9768030. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1067373. View

11.

Goubert D, Van Oosterwijck J, Meeus M, Danneels L . Structural Changes of Lumbar Muscles in Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Pain Physician. 2016; 19(7):E985-E1000. View

12.

June R, Liu-Bryan R, Long F, Griffin T . Emerging role of metabolic signaling in synovial joint remodeling and osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. 2016; 34(12):2048-2058. PMC: 5365077. DOI: 10.1002/jor.23420. View

13.

Shi J, Xu X, Sun J, Wang Y, Kong Q, Shi G . Theory of Bowstring Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment Bowstring Disease. Orthop Surg. 2019; 11(1):3-9. PMC: 6430461. DOI: 10.1111/os.12417. View

14.

Nakajima Y, Hachiya K, Michikawa T, Nagai S, Takeda H, Kawabata S . Impact of surgical treatment on lipid metabolism in patients with lumbar spinal disorders: Prospective observational study. Eur Spine J. 2023; 32(12):4153-4161. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07976-y. View

15.

Albert H, Sorensen J, Christensen B, Manniche C . Antibiotic treatment in patients with chronic low back pain and vertebral bone edema (Modic type 1 changes): a double-blind randomized clinical controlled trial of efficacy. Eur Spine J. 2013; 22(4):697-707. PMC: 3631045. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-2675-y. View

16.

Lin J, Kakkar V, Lu X . Impact of matrix metalloproteinases on atherosclerosis. Curr Drug Targets. 2014; 15(4):442-53. DOI: 10.2174/1389450115666140211115805. View

17.

Li Y, Karppinen J, Cheah K, Chan D, Sham P, Samartzis D . Integrative analysis of metabolomic, genomic, and imaging-based phenotypes identify very-low-density lipoprotein as a potential risk factor for lumbar Modic changes. Eur Spine J. 2021; 31(3):735-745. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-06995-x. View

18.

Okano I, Salzmann S, Jones C, Miller C, Shirahata T, Rentenberger C . The impact of degenerative disc disease on regional volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) measured by quantitative computed tomography. Spine J. 2019; 20(2):181-190. DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2019.02.017. View

19.

Perera R, Dissanayake P, Senarath U, Wijayaratne L, Karunanayake A, Dissanayake V . Single Nucleotide Variants of Candidate Genes in Aggrecan Metabolic Pathway Are Associated with Lumbar Disc Degeneration and Modic Changes. PLoS One. 2017; 12(1):e0169835. PMC: 5231268. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169835. View

20.

Liu J, Wei X, Huang B, Wu H, Zhang X, Chen J . Lubricin expression in the lumbar endplate and its association with Modic changes. J Orthop Translat. 2020; 22:124-131. PMC: 7231957. DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.10.009. View