Ergothioneine Biosynthesis: The Present State and Future Prospect

Overview

Journal Synth Syst Biotechnol

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2024 Dec 24

PMID 39717282

Authors

Li Liang

Xu Shan-Shan

Jiang Yan-Jun

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Ergothioneine (ERG), a rare natural thio-histidine derivative with potent antioxidant properties and diverse biological functions, is widely utilized in food processing, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutritional supplements. Current bioproduction methods for ERG primarily depend on fermenting edible mushrooms. However, with the advancement in synthetic biology, an increasing number of genetically engineered microbial hosts have been developed for ERG production, including , , and . Given the involvement of multiple precursor substances in ERG synthesis, it is crucial to employ diverse strategies to regulate the metabolic flux of ERG synthesis. This review comprehensively evaluates the physiological effects and safety considerations associated with ERG, along with the recent advancements in catalytic metabolic pathway for ERG production using synthetic biology tools. Finally, the review discusses the challenges in achieving efficient ERG production and the strategies to address these challenges using synthetic biology tools. This review provides a literature analysis and strategies guidance for the further application of novel synthetic biology tools and strategies to improve ERG yield.

References

Dumitrescu D, Gordon E, Kovalyova Y, Seminara A, Duncan-Lowey B, Forster E . A microbial transporter of the dietary antioxidant ergothioneine. Cell. 2022; 185(24):4526-4540.e18. PMC: 9691600. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.008. View

Ye C, Yang Y, Chen X, Yang L, Hua X, Yang M . Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli BW25113 for the production of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid based on CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene knockout and metabolic pathway modification. J Biol Eng. 2022; 16(1):26. PMC: 9563957. DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00307-7. View

Chen B, Xue L, Wei T, Ye Z, Li X, Guo L . Enhancement of ergothioneine production by discovering and regulating its metabolic pathway in Cordyceps militaris. Microb Cell Fact. 2022; 21(1):169. PMC: 9396837. DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01891-5. View

Qiu Y, Chen Z, Su E, Wang L, Sun L, Lei P . Recent Strategies for the Biosynthesis of Ergothioneine. J Agric Food Chem. 2021; 69(46):13682-13690. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05280. View

van der Hoek S, Darbani B, Zugaj K, Prabhala B, Biron M, Randelovic M . Engineering the Yeast for the Production of L-(+)-Ergothioneine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2019; 7:262. PMC: 6797849. DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00262. View

Kamide T, Takusagawa S, Tanaka N, Ogasawara Y, Kawano Y, Ohtsu I . High Production of Ergothioneine in using the Sulfoxide Synthase from strains. J Agric Food Chem. 2020; 68(23):6390-6394. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01846. View

Fujitani Y, Alamgir K, Tani A . Ergothioneine production using Methylobacterium species, yeast, and fungi. J Biosci Bioeng. 2018; 126(6):715-722. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.05.021. View

Lee W, Park E, Ahn J . Supplementation of methionine enhanced the ergothioneine accumulation in the Ganoderma neo-japonicum mycelia. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2008; 158(1):213-21. DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8322-0. View

Lin S, Chien S, Wang S, Mau J . Submerged Cultivation of Mycelium with High Ergothioneine Content from the Culinary-Medicinal Golden Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Higher Basidiomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms. 2015; 17(8):749-61. DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v17.i8.50. View

10.

Arduini A, Eddy L, Hochstein P . The reduction of ferryl myoglobin by ergothioneine: a novel function for ergothioneine. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1990; 281(1):41-3. DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(90)90410-z. View

11.

Ma W, Cao W, Zhang B, Chen K, Liu Q, Li Y . Engineering a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate supply for cadaverine production by using Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalysis. Sci Rep. 2015; 5:15630. PMC: 4614675. DOI: 10.1038/srep15630. View

12.

Straathof A, Panke S, Schmid A . The production of fine chemicals by biotransformations. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2002; 13(6):548-56. DOI: 10.1016/s0958-1669(02)00360-9. View

13.

Jeandet P, Sobarzo-Sanchez E, Sanches Silva A, Clement C, Nabavi S, Battino M . Whole-cell biocatalytic, enzymatic and green chemistry methods for the production of resveratrol and its derivatives. Biotechnol Adv. 2019; 39:107461. DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107461. View

14.

van der Hoek S, Rusnak M, Jacobsen I, Martinez J, Kell D, Borodina I . Engineering ergothioneine production in Yarrowia lipolytica. FEBS Lett. 2021; 596(10):1356-1364. PMC: 9299812. DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14239. View

15.

Liu H, Tang W, Wang X, Jiang J, Zhang W, Wang W . Safe and Effective Antioxidant: The Biological Mechanism and Potential Pathways of Ergothioneine in the Skin. Molecules. 2023; 28(4). PMC: 9967237. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041648. View

16.

Zhang L, Tang J, Feng M, Chen S . Engineering Methyltransferase and Sulfoxide Synthase for High-Yield Production of Ergothioneine. J Agric Food Chem. 2022; 71(1):671-679. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07859. View

17.

Apparoo Y, Phan C, Kuppusamy U, Chan E . Potential role of ergothioneine rich mushroom as anti-aging candidate through elimination of neuronal senescent cells. Brain Res. 2023; 1824:148693. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148693. View

18.

Xiong K, Guo H, Xue S, Dai Y, Dong L, Ji C . Cost-effective production of ergothioneine using Rhodotorula mucilaginosa DL-X01 from molasses and fish bone meal enzymatic hydrolysate. Bioresour Technol. 2023; 393:130101. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130101. View

19.

Waegeman H, Soetaert W . Increasing recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli through metabolic and genetic engineering. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011; 38(12):1891-910. DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1034-4. View

20.

Zhu H, Jiang S, Wu J, Zhou X, Liu P, Huang F . Production of High Levels of 3,3'-Astaxanthin in via Iterative Metabolic Engineering. J Agric Food Chem. 2022; 70(8):2673-2683. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08072. View