Interference by Vitamin B12-macrocomplexes: Towards an Effective Detection and Correct Interpretation of Hypo- and Hypervitaminemia

Overview

Journal Adv Lab Med

Publisher De Gruyter

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2024 Dec 23

PMID 39713545

Authors

Jose A Delgado

Maria I Pastor

Gemma Costa

Nuria Marquez

Josep Miquel Bauca

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: The presence of macro-B12 is a cause of factual hypervitaminemia B12. Precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a simple method of removing high-molecular-weight biomolecules. However, "free" molecule may co-precipitate. This fact requires the establishment of reference intervals for the post-precipitation result. The main aims of the study were to: 1) establish post-PEG RIs for vitamin B12; 2) compare the two criteria for defining the presence of macro-B12; 3) evaluate the joint usefulness of percentage post-PEG vitamin B12 recovery and post-PEG RIs to inform the real vitamin B12 status; and 4), propose interpretative comments for ease of interpretation.

Methods: Prospective study in which 488 serum samples from "healthy" individuals were included and analyzed to determine recovery and RIs following PEG precipitation. Subsequently, a retrospective analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the joint usefulness of both definitions for a suspicion of macro-B12. A total of 297 cases were included.

Results: Recovery and post-PEG RIs determined on an Alinity i platform ranged from 60 to 107 % and from 118 to 506 pmol/L, respectively. McNemar's test revealed statistically significant differences between both criteria for estimating interference. However, both methodologies showed good agreement. In 27 cases, the presence of macro-B12 coexisted with true hypervitaminemia B12. No case of coexistence of macro-B12 with vitamin B12 deficiency was detected in our series.

Conclusions: Laboratory reports should include total vitamin B12 concentration, recovery and post-PEG vitamin B12 concentration with their adjusted RIs to better assess the body vitamin status.

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