Association Between Glucose to Lymphocyte Ratio and Prognosis in Patients with Solid Tumors

Overview

Journal Front Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2024 Dec 23

PMID 39712026

Authors

Rongqiang Liu

Yankun Shen

Jiahui Cui

Wangbin Ma

Jianguo Wang

Chen Chen

Weixing Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) plays an important role in the prognosis of various tumors. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic value of GLR in solid tumors through the meta-analysis.

Methods: A comprehensive search of eligible studies was performed by scrutinizing the Pubmed, Embase and Web of science databases until May 30, 2024. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and recurrence free survival (RFS).

Results: A total of 22 studies from 14 articles involving 9472 patients were included in the study. The pooled analysis showed that cancer patients with high GLR was significantly associated with unfavorable OS (HR:1.48,95% CI:1.34-1.63) and DFS/RFS (HR:2.20,95% CI:1.66-2.92). Subgroup analysis further showed that high GLR had better predictive value in liver cancer (HR:2.66, 95%CI:1.80-3.93), breast cancer (HR:2.13, 95%CI:1.10-4.13) and pancreatic cancer (HR:1.92, 95%CI:1.30-2.84).

Conclusions: GLR can be used as an effective prognostic marker in patients with solid tumors.

Citing Articles

Significant association between systemic inflammation response index and prognosis in patients with urological malignancies.

Ma W, Liu R, Li X, Yu J, Wang W Front Immunol. 2025; 16:1518647.

PMID: 40079014 PMC: 11897710. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1518647.

References

Clark E, Connor S, Taylor M, Madhavan K, Garden O, Parks R . Preoperative lymphocyte count as a prognostic factor in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford). 2008; 9(6):456-60. PMC: 2215360. DOI: 10.1080/13651820701774891. View

Bose S, Le A . Glucose Metabolism in Cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018; 1063:3-12. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77736-8_1. View

Song M, Zhang Q, Song C, Liu T, Zhang X, Ruan G . The advanced lung cancer inflammation index is the optimal inflammatory biomarker of overall survival in patients with lung cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022; 13(5):2504-2514. PMC: 9530543. DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13032. View

Liu L, Zhang B, Li Y, Huang W, Niu Y, Jia Q . Preoperative glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts survival in cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024; 15:1284152. PMC: 10946689. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1284152. View

Lee Y, Chung Y, Lee J, Nam E, Kim S, Kim S . Pretreatment lymphocytopenia is an adverse prognostic biomarker in advanced-stage ovarian cancer. Cancer Med. 2019; 8(2):564-571. PMC: 6382732. DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1956. View

Koliaraki V, Prados A, Armaka M, Kollias G . The mesenchymal context in inflammation, immunity and cancer. Nat Immunol. 2020; 21(9):974-982. DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0741-2. View

Mellman I, Chen D, Powles T, Turley S . The cancer-immunity cycle: Indication, genotype, and immunotype. Immunity. 2023; 56(10):2188-2205. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.09.011. View

Aydin I, Subasi I, Sunar A, Ademoglu S, Gulmez S, Dincer M . GLR in Colorectal Cancers: An Easily Accessible Prognostic Marker. Int J Gen Med. 2024; 17:2361-2369. PMC: 11128219. DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S463769. View

Maomao C, He L, Dianqin S, Siyi H, Xinxin Y, Fan Y . Current cancer burden in China: epidemiology, etiology, and prevention. Cancer Biol Med. 2022; 19(8). PMC: 9425189. DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0231. View

10.

Greten F, Grivennikov S . Inflammation and Cancer: Triggers, Mechanisms, and Consequences. Immunity. 2019; 51(1):27-41. PMC: 6831096. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.025. View

11.

Zhang X, Ge Y, Song M, Ruan G, Xie H, Hu C . Prognostic Power of Nutrition-Inflammation Indicators in Patients With Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2023; 23(5):e312-e321. DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.04.009. View

12.

Liu J, Hu X . Association between glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients. PLoS One. 2023; 18(12):e0295602. PMC: 10703328. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295602. View

13.

Hirakawa Y, Ninomiya T, Mukai N, Doi Y, Hata J, Fukuhara M . Association between glucose tolerance level and cancer death in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2012; 176(10):856-64. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws178. View

14.

Ni J, Li Z, Song W, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang Y . Prognostic value of glucose to lymphocyte ratio for patients with renal cell carcinoma undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy: A multi-institutional, propensity score matching cohort study. Front Surg. 2022; 9:911411. PMC: 9556963. DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.911411. View

15.

Yang M, Zhang Q, Ge Y, Tang M, Hu C, Wang Z . Prognostic Roles of Glucose to Lymphocyte Ratio and Modified Glasgow Prognosis Score in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Nutr. 2022; 9:871301. PMC: 9127733. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871301. View

16.

Zhao H, Wu K . Effect of hyperglycemia on the occurrence and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Am J Transl Res. 2024; 16(5):2070-2081. PMC: 11170586. DOI: 10.62347/NYHH3132. View

17.

Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel R, Soerjomataram I . Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024; 74(3):229-263. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21834. View

18.

Chen Y, Tang S, Wang Y . Prognostic Value of Glucose-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Pancreatitis. Int J Gen Med. 2021; 14:5449-5460. PMC: 8436258. DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S327123. View

19.

Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wang D, Kuang T, Wu W, Xu X . Prognostic value of preoperative glucose to lymphocyte ratio in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. 2020; 26(1):135-144. DOI: 10.1007/s10147-020-01782-y. View

20.

Yilmaz A, Simsek M, Hannarici Z, Buyukbayram M, Bilici M, Tekin S . The importance of the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib. Future Oncol. 2021; 17(33):4545-4559. DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0457. View