Association Between Herpes Zoster and Parkinson's Disease and Dementia: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Overview

Journal Front Neurol

Specialty Neurology

Date 2024 Dec 20

PMID 39703359

Authors

Yanfeng Zhang

Weiping Liu

Yang Xu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: This meta-analysis investigated the relationship between herpes zoster and the risk of dementia or Parkinson's disease by analyzing published clinical studies.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection databases on April 25, 2024. Hazard ratios (HR) were used for statistical analyses. Random-effects models were applied, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I statistic.

Results: Herpes zoster was associated with a non-significant trend toward increased dementia risk (HR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.99-1.24,  = 0.07) but significantly increased Parkinson's disease risk (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.30,  = 0.02). Subgroup analyses revealed that herpes zoster significantly elevated the risk of the prospective study subgroup (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.13,  = 0.004) and vascular dementia subgroup (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.00-1.37,  = 0.05). Significant heterogeneity was observed for both outcomes (dementia:  = 98%,  < 0.00001; Parkinson's disease:  = 94%,  < 0.00001).

Conclusion: Herpes zoster raises the risk of Parkinson's disease and vascular dementia, with a potential causal link to dementia. Early vaccination against herpes zoster is recommended over post-infection antiviral treatment to mitigate risks.

Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ and our registration number is CRD42024555620.

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