Self-care Practices Among Hypertensive Patients at the Primary Health Care Centers in Unaizah City, Saudi Arabia

Overview

Journal Front Med (Lausanne)

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2024 Dec 19

PMID 39697200

Authors

Bahia Galal Abd El-Razik Siam

Hind Kaliefah Aldakeel

Awatif M Alrasheeday

Salman H Alsaqri

Bushra Alshammari

Farhan Alshammari

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: This study assessed the self-care practices among hypertensive patients at the primary health centers in Unaizah city, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023, at all primary healthcare centers in Unaizah city. A total of 372 hypertensive patients, aged 18 and older, who had been on follow-up care for at least 6 months were randomly selected using a cluster sampling method. Data regarding socio-demographics, health history, and hypertensive self-care practices (H-SCALE) were collected using a validated questionnaire.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 41.4 ± 9.6 years. Of them, 34.1% were males and 65.9% were females. Only 14.0% were smokers, 55.9% had hypertension for less than 1 year, and 53.8% did not monitor their blood pressure. None of them was addicted to any substance or using alcohol. The most commonly associated chronic disease among the participants was hyperlipidemia (61.3%), followed by diabetes mellitus. The participants were most likely reported engaging in weight management-related self-care activities, followed by healthy diet activities, and medication adherence. The H-SCALE scores increased as the frequency of engagement in self-care activities increased. There were significant differences in H-SCALE scores based on age, gender, education level, and employment status.

Conclusion: Engaging in self-care activities is associated with better self-care behavior. Age, gender, education level, and employment status are significant predictors of hypertension self-care behaviors. Healthcare providers should educate hypertensive patients on blood pressure monitoring and integrated management of hypertension and other chronic diseases.

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