Evaluation of Alternative Vaccination Routes Against Paratuberculosis in Goats

Overview

Journal Front Vet Sci

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2024 Dec 12

PMID 39664904

Authors

Miguel Criado

Marta Silva

Noive Arteche-Villasol

David Zapico

Natalia Elguezabal

Elena Molina

Jose Espinosa

Maria Del Carmen Ferreras

Julio Benavides

Valentin Perez

Daniel Gutierrez-Exposito

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Paratuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous enteritis, caused by subspecies (), that affects ruminants worldwide. Vaccination has been considered the most cost-effective method for the control of this disease in infected dairy herds. However, currently available vaccines do not provide complete protection and interfere with the diagnosis of both paratuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis, limiting its use. Because of that, efforts are being made for the development of new vaccines. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two whole-cell inactivated experimental vaccines against paratuberculosis in goats, administered through the oral (OV) and intradermal (IDV) routes, and compare them with that of the commercial subcutaneous vaccine Gudair (SCV). Over an 11-month period, the effect of vaccination and a subsequent challenge on the specific peripheral immune responses and DNA fecal shedding were recorded. At the end of the experiment, tissue bacterial load and lesion severity were assessed. The experimental vaccines did not induce specific humoral immune responses and only elicited mild and delayed cellular immune responses. Although the OV reduced lesion severity, neither this vaccine nor the IDV prototype was able to reduce fecal shedding or tissue bacterial load. Moreover, although the SCV did not confer sterile immunity, it outperformed both experimental vaccines in all these parameters.

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