The Near-complete Genome Assembly of Hexaploid Wild Oat Reveals Its Genome Evolution and Divergence with Cultivated Oats

Overview

Journal Nat Plants

Specialties Biology
Genetics

Date 2024 Dec 3

PMID 39627369

Authors

Qiang He

Wei Li

Yuqing Miao

Yu Wang

Ningkun Liu

Jianan Liu

Tao Li

Yao Xiao

Hongyu Zhang

Yaru Wang

Hanfei Liang

Yange Yun

Shuhui Wang

Qingbin Sun

Hongru Wang

Zhizhong Gong

Huilong Du

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Avena sterilis, the ancestral species of cultivated oats, is a valuable genetic resource for oat improvement. Here we generated a near-complete 10.99 Gb A. sterilis genome and a high-quality 10.89 Gb cultivated oat genome. Genome evolution analysis revealed the centromeres dynamic and structural variations landscape associated with domestication between wild and cultivated oats. Population genetic analysis of 117 wild and cultivated oat accessions worldwide detected many candidate genes associated with important agronomic traits for oat domestication and improvement. Remarkably, a large fragment duplication from chromosomes 4A to 4D harbouring many agronomically important genes was detected during oat domestication and was fixed in almost all cultivated oats from around the world. The genes in the duplication region from 4A showed significantly higher expression levels and lower methylation levels than the orthologous genes located on 4D in A. sterilis. This study provides valuable resources for evolutionary and functional genomics and genetic improvement of oat.

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