From Mammary Mystery to Parasitic Surprise: a Rare Case of Primary Breast Hydatid Cyst

Background: Primary breast hydatid cyst is an exceedingly rare manifestation of echinococcosis, with an incidence of less than 0.27% among all hydatid cyst cases.

Case Report: This report presents a unique case of a 51-year-old multiparous female who initially presented with a painless left breast mass. Initial imaging studies, including ultrasonography and mammography, revealed a 4.5 × 4 cm cyst classified as BI-RADS 3. The cyst was initially managed with fine-needle aspiration and conservative treatment. However, it recurred twice over a six-month period, necessitating surgical excision. Preoperative laboratory work ups revealed eosinophilia, a finding initially overlooked but later recognized as significant. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst. Post-surgical management included albendazole therapy, regular imaging follow-ups, and patient education on hygiene practices to prevent reinfection.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic etiologies in the differential diagnosis of breast masses, particularly in endemic regions. It also underscores the value of a multidisciplinary approach in managing such rare cases. The unexpected diagnosis of a primary breast hydatid cyst in this case serves as a reminder of the diverse presentations of echinococcosis and the need for heightened clinical suspicion in atypical breast lesions.

Clinical Trial Number: Not applicable.