Soluble Proteoglycans and Proteoglycan Fragments As Biomarkers of Pathological Extracellular Matrix Remodeling

Overview

Journal Proteoglycan Res

Date 2024 Nov 27

PMID 39600538

Authors

Marsioleda Kemberi

Alexander F Minns

Salvatore Santamaria

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Proteoglycans and their proteolytic fragments diffuse into biological fluids such as plasma, serum, urine, or synovial fluid, where they can be detected by antibodies or mass-spectrometry. Neopeptides generated by the proteolysis of proteoglycans are recognized by specific neoepitope antibodies and can act as a proxy for the activity of certain proteases. Proteoglycan and proteoglycan fragments can be potentially used as prognostic, diagnostic, or theragnostic biomarkers for several diseases characterized by dysregulated extracellular matrix remodeling such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, thoracic aortic aneurysms, central nervous system disorders, viral infections, and cancer. Here, we review the main mechanisms accounting for the presence of soluble proteoglycans and their fragments in biological fluids, their potential application as diagnostic, prognostic, or theragnostic biomarkers, and highlight challenges and opportunities ahead of their clinical translation.

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