Pharmacodynamics and Safety in Relation to Dose and Response of Plant Flavonoids in Treatment of Cancers

Overview

Journal Inflammopharmacology

Specialty Pharmacology

Date 2024 Nov 24

PMID 39580755

Authors

Cijo George Vazhappilly

Seba Alsawaf

Shimy Mathew

Noora Ali Nasar

Maheen Imtiaz Hussain

Noor Mustapha Cherkaoui

Mohammed Ayyub

Serin Yaser Alsaid

Joshua George Thomas

Asha Caroline Cyril

Wafaa S Ramadan

Ayshwarya Lakshmi Chelakkot

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Despite the recent advancements in developing bioactive nutraceuticals as anticancer modalities, their pharmacodynamics, safety profiles, and tolerability remain elusive, limiting their success in clinical trials. The failure of anticancer drugs in clinical trials can be attributed to the changes in drug clearance, absorption, and cellular responses, which alter the dose-response efficacy, causing adverse health effects. Flavonoids demonstrate a biphasic dose-response phenomenon exerting a stimulatory or inhibitory effect and often follow a U-shaped curve in different preclinical cancer models. A double-edged sword, bioflavonoids' antioxidant or prooxidant properties contribute to their hormetic behavior and facilitate redox homeostasis by regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. Emerging reports suggest a need to discuss the pharmacodynamic broad-spectrum of plant flavonoids to improve their therapeutic efficacy, primarily to determine the ideal dose for treating cancer. This review discusses the dose-response effects of a few common plant flavonoids against some types of cancers and assesses their safety and tolerability when administered to patients. Moreover, we have emphasized the role of dietary-rich plant flavonoids as nutraceuticals in cancer treatment and prevention.

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