Long-term Physical Training in Female Type 1 (insulin-dependent) Diabetic Patients: Absence of Significant Effect on Glycaemic Control and Lipoprotein Levels

Overview

Journal Diabetologia

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 1986 Jan 1

PMID 3956895

Citations 15

Authors

H Wallberg-Henriksson

R Gunnarsson

S Rossner

J Wahren

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

No objective evidence has been presented to support the beneficial effect of physical training on glycaemic control in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients trained two to three times a week for several months. In the present study we examined the possibility that a daily exercise programme would be more suitable for improving glycaemic control. Thirteen patients completed a 5-month study; 6 were randomized to exercise training (20 min daily bicycle exercise) and 7 served as non-exercising controls. The training resulted in an 8% increase in maximal oxygen uptake (p less than 0.05). No change in glycaemic control occurred during the study period in either group. In addition, serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were followed. Total cholesterol decreased during the study period irrespective of training. No effect was noted on the levels of LDL, VLDL, HDL and HDL2 cholesterol. A significant training effect was obtained in the HDL3 subfraction (-10%, p less than 0.05). Total triglycerides were unchanged, but a decrease in the level of LDL triglycerides was observed with training (-12%, p less than 0.01). It is concluded that, in female Type 1 diabetic patients, daily physical training for several months does not improve glycaemic control and results only in minor changes in serum lipoprotein profiles.

Citing Articles

The Effects of Exercise Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Khalafi M, Dinizadeh F, Rosenkranz S, Symonds M, Fatolahi S Healthcare (Basel). 2025; 13(3).

PMID: 39942435 PMC: 11816365. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare13030246.

Association of HbA1c with VO in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Eckstein M, Aberer F, Dobler F, Aziz F, Heise T, Sourij H Metabolites. 2022; 12(11).

PMID: 36355100 PMC: 9697838. DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111017.

Protective effects of physical activity against health risks associated with type 1 diabetes: "Health benefits outweigh the risks".

Wake A World J Diabetes. 2022; 13(3):161-184.

PMID: 35432757 PMC: 8984568. DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.161.

Influence of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease: A brief physiological approach.

Amaral L, Souza C, Lima H, Soares T Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2020; 245(13):1142-1154.

PMID: 32486850 PMC: 7400720. DOI: 10.1177/1535370220928986.

Gaps in Knowledge and the Need for Patient-Partners in Research Related to Physical Activity and Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.

Klaprat N, MacIntosh A, McGavock J Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019; 10:42.

PMID: 30787908 PMC: 6372552. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00042.

References

Garcia M, MCNAMARA P, Gordon T, Kannel W . Morbidity and mortality in diabetics in the Framingham population. Sixteen year follow-up study. Diabetes. 1974; 23(2):105-11. DOI: 10.2337/diab.23.2.105. View

Moore C, Hartung G, Mitchell R, Kappus C, Hinderlitter J . The relationship of exercise and diet on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in women. Metabolism. 1983; 32(2):189-96. DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(83)90228-7. View

Zlatkis A, ZAK B, Boyle A . A new method for the direct determination of serum cholesterol. J Lab Clin Med. 1953; 41(3):486-92. View

Carlson K . Lipoprotein fractionation. J Clin Pathol Suppl (Assoc Clin Pathol). 1973; 5:32-7. PMC: 1436095. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.s1-5.1.32. View

Schonfeld G, Birge C, Miller J, Kessler G, Santiago J . Apolipoprotein B levels and altered lipoprotein composition in diabetes. Diabetes. 1974; 23(10):827-34. DOI: 10.2337/diab.23.10.827. View

Fletcher M . A colorimetric method for estimating serum triglycerides. Clin Chim Acta. 1968; 22(3):393-7. DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(68)90041-7. View

NOBLE R . Electrophoretic separation of plasma lipoproteins in agarose gel. J Lipid Res. 1968; 9(6):693-700. View

Yudkin J, Boucher B, France M, Welch S, Swindlehurst C . The relationship between concentrations of glycosylated haemoglobins and of serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic patients. Clin Sci (Lond). 1979; 56(3):269-72. DOI: 10.1042/cs0560269. View

Wallberg-Henriksson H, Gunnarsson R, Henriksson J, Defronzo R, FELIG P, Ostman J . Increased peripheral insulin sensitivity and muscle mitochondrial enzymes but unchanged blood glucose control in type I diabetics after physical training. Diabetes. 1982; 31(12):1044-50. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.31.12.1044. View

10.

Gordon T, CASTELLI W, Hjortland M, Kannel W, DAWBER T . High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study. Am J Med. 1977; 62(5):707-14. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(77)90874-9. View

11.

Heding L . Radioimmunological determination of human C-peptide in serum. Diabetologia. 1975; 11(6):541-8. DOI: 10.1007/BF01222104. View

12.

NIKKILA E, Hormila P . Serum lipids and lipoproteins in insulin-treated diabetes. Demonstration of increased high density lipoprotein concentrations. Diabetes. 1978; 27(11):1078-86. DOI: 10.2337/diab.27.11.1078. View

13.

PALUMBO P, ELVEBACK L, Chu C, Connolly D, Kurland L . Diabetes mellitus: incidence, prevalence, survivorship, and causes of death in Rochester, Minnesota, 1945-1970. Diabetes. 1976; 25(7):566-73. DOI: 10.2337/diab.25.7.566. View

14.

Kirstein P, Carlson K . Determination of the cholesterol content of high density lipoprotein subfractions HDL2 and HDL3, without contamination of Lp(a), in human plasma. Clin Chim Acta. 1981; 113(2):123-34. DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90146-7. View

15.

NYE E, Carlson K, Kirstein P, Rossner S . Changes in high density lipoprotein subfractions and other lipoproteins by exercise. Clin Chim Acta. 1981; 113(1):51-7. DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90439-3. View

16.

Zinman B, Zuniga-Guajardo S, Kelly D . Comparison of the acute and long-term effects of exercise on glucose control in type I diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1984; 7(6):515-9. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.7.6.515. View

17.

Kaufmann R, Assal JPh , Soeldner J, Wilmshurst E, Lemaire J, Gleason R . Plasma lipid levels in diabetic children. Effect of diet restricted in cholesterol and saturated fats. Diabetes. 1975; 24(7):672-9. DOI: 10.2337/diab.24.7.672. View

18.

Kannel W, McGee D . Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study. JAMA. 1979; 241(19):2035-8. DOI: 10.1001/jama.241.19.2035. View

19.

Haskell W, Camargo Jr C, Williams P, Vranizan K, Krauss R, LINDGREN F . The effect of cessation and resumption of moderate alcohol intake on serum high-density-lipoprotein subfractions. A controlled study. N Engl J Med. 1984; 310(13):805-10. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM198403293101301. View

20.

Wallberg-Henriksson H, Gunnarsson R, Henriksson J, Ostman J, Wahren J . Influence of physical training on formation of muscle capillaries in type I diabetes. Diabetes. 1984; 33(9):851-7. DOI: 10.2337/diab.33.9.851. View