IL-37 Suppresses CNS Autoimmunity by Increasing the Frequency of Treg Cells and Reducing CD4 + T Cell-derived IL-10 Production

Overview

Journal J Neuroinflammation

Publisher Biomed Central

Date 2024 Nov 20

PMID 39563375

Authors

Reza Yazdani

Hamed Naziri

Gholamreza Azizi

Bogoljub Ciric

Mozhde Askari

Amir Moghadam Ahmadi

Jaya Aseervatham

Guang-Xian Zhang

Abdolmohamad Rostami

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Interleukin-37 (IL-37) has anti-inflammatory properties in innate and adaptive immunity. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), have increased serum levels of IL-37. However, it is unknown whether IL-37 has an inhibitory effect on ongoing autoimmune neuroinflammation, thus offering a potential MS therapy.

Aim: Here, we examined the effect of IL-37 in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model after disease onset to determine if it was protective.

Findings: IL-37-treated mice developed a less severe disease than control mice, with reduced demyelination as determined by increased expression of myelin basic protein. IL-37 suppressed inflammation by decreasing infiltration of CD4 + T cells into the CNS and increasing the frequency of regulatory T cells, while IL-10 expression by CD4 + T cells decreased over time in the CNS.

Conclusion: Our findings confirm the immunomodulatory role of IL-37 in CNS inflammation during ongoing disease, thus indicating the potential of IL-37 as an inhibitory reagent for MS therapy.

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