Performance of the Comprehensive Nutrition Screening Index in Predicting Mortality After Cardiac Surgery

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2024 Nov 18

PMID 39557984

Authors

Jaeyeon Chung

Jinyoung Bae

Seyong Park

Dong Hyouk Kim

Youn Joung Cho

Karam Nam

Yunseok Jeon

Jae-Woo Ju

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Malnutrition is a significant risk factor for postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The Seoul National University Hospital-Nutrition Screening Index (SNUH-NSI) is an automated screening tool designed to comprehensively assess malnutrition risk. However, its predictive value in patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains unvalidated. This study included adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery at a tertiary teaching hospital between May 2008 and December 2019. Patients were classified as low-, intermediate-, or high-risk for malnutrition based on the SNUH-NSI. The association between malnutrition risk and postoperative cumulative all-cause mortality was evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis. The predictive ability of the SNUH-NSI was compared with conventional nutritional indices. Compared to the low-risk group, both the high-risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-3.19; P < 0.001) and intermediate-risk groups (adjusted HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.31-1.82; P < 0.001) demonstrated a significantly elevated risk of cumulative all-cause mortality. The multivariable model incorporating SNUH-NSI demonstrated moderate but superior predictive performance compared to that of other conventional nutritional indices. Preoperative malnutrition assessed by the SNUH-NSI was found to be a significant predictor of mortality following cardiac surgery. Implementing the SNUH-NSI for automated preoperative malnutrition screening could be an efficient and cost-effective approach.

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