Microencapsulation Techniques for Developing Cannabidiol Formulations: a Review

Overview

Journal Ther Deliv

Date 2024 Nov 12

PMID 39529600

Authors

Ariel Gustavo Garro

Soledad Ravetti

Sofia Gisella Brignone

Agustin Luna

Natalia Angel Villegas

Agustina Gaitan

Santiago Daniel Palma

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cannabidiol (CBD), extracted from L., holds therapeutic promise without inducing psychoactive effects seen with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Its interaction with the endocannabinoid system plays a pivotal role in regulating mood, pain perception and immune function. Nevertheless, CBD encounters hurdles in clinical application due to its poor bioavailability and water solubility. To overcome these limitations, researchers are exploring microencapsulation techniques, which involve encapsulating CBD within protective matrices. This comprehensive review offers insights into various microencapsulation methods for CBD, scrutinizing their advantages, limitations and implications for formulation optimization. By elucidating the potential of microencapsulation, this review underscores its promise in refining CBD therapy and addressing challenges associated with administration.

References

OSullivan S, Skov Jensen S, Nykjaer Nikolajsen G, Ziegler Bruun H, Bhuller R, Hoeng J . The therapeutic potential of purified cannabidiol. J Cannabis Res. 2023; 5(1):21. PMC: 10262148. DOI: 10.1186/s42238-023-00186-9. View

Kicman A, Toczek M . The Effects of Cannabidiol, a Non-Intoxicating Compound of Cannabis, on the Cardiovascular System in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21(18). PMC: 7554803. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186740. View

Tomko A, Whynot E, Ellis L, Dupre D . Anti-Cancer Potential of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids Present in Cannabis. Cancers (Basel). 2020; 12(7). PMC: 7409346. DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071985. View

Li H, Yang T, Zhao Q, Hou S, Tian R, Zhao B . Comparative study of encapsulated cannabidiol ternary solid dispersions prepared by different techniques: The application of a novel technique jet milling. Food Res Int. 2023; 168:112783. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112783. View

OSullivan S, Skov Jensen S, Kolli A, Nykjaer Nikolajsen G, Ziegler Bruun H, Hoeng J . Strategies to Improve Cannabidiol Bioavailability and Drug Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024; 17(2). PMC: 10892205. DOI: 10.3390/ph17020244. View

Mechoulam R, Hanus L . Cannabidiol: an overview of some chemical and pharmacological aspects. Part I: chemical aspects. Chem Phys Lipids. 2002; 121(1-2):35-43. DOI: 10.1016/s0009-3084(02)00144-5. View

Zhang J, Ma P . Cyclodextrin-based supramolecular systems for drug delivery: recent progress and future perspective. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013; 65(9):1215-33. PMC: 3885994. DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.05.001. View

Abu-Sawwa R, Scutt B, Park Y . Emerging Use of Epidiolex (Cannabidiol) in Epilepsy. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2020; 25(6):485-499. PMC: 7439947. DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-25.6.485. View

Xiong Y, Lim C . Understanding the Modulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Sci. 2021; 11(9). PMC: 8472755. DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091211. View

10.

Saokham P, Muankaew C, Jansook P, Loftsson T . Solubility of Cyclodextrins and Drug/Cyclodextrin Complexes. Molecules. 2018; 23(5). PMC: 6099580. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051161. View

11.

Wang X, Zhang H, Liu Y, Xu Y, Yang B, Li H . An overview on synthetic and biological activities of cannabidiol (CBD) and its derivatives. Bioorg Chem. 2023; 140:106810. DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106810. View

12.

Fraguas-Sanchez A, Fernandez-Carballido A, Simancas-Herbada R, Martin-Sabroso C, Torres-Suarez A . CBD loaded microparticles as a potential formulation to improve paclitaxel and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in breast cancer. Int J Pharm. 2019; 574:118916. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118916. View

13.

Koltai H, Namdar D . Cannabis Phytomolecule 'Entourage': From Domestication to Medical Use. Trends Plant Sci. 2020; 25(10):976-984. DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.04.007. View

14.

Stella B, Baratta F, Pepa C, Arpicco S, Gastaldi D, Dosio F . Cannabinoid Formulations and Delivery Systems: Current and Future Options to Treat Pain. Drugs. 2021; 81(13):1513-1557. PMC: 8417625. DOI: 10.1007/s40265-021-01579-x. View

15.

Seltzer E, Watters A, MacKenzie Jr D, Granat L, Zhang D . Cannabidiol (CBD) as a Promising Anti-Cancer Drug. Cancers (Basel). 2020; 12(11). PMC: 7693730. DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113203. View

16.

Pisanti S, Malfitano A, Ciaglia E, Lamberti A, Ranieri R, Cuomo G . Cannabidiol: State of the art and new challenges for therapeutic applications. Pharmacol Ther. 2017; 175:133-150. DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.041. View

17.

Sousa V, Parente J, Marques J, Forte M, Tavares C . Microencapsulation of Essential Oils: A Review. Polymers (Basel). 2022; 14(9). PMC: 9099681. DOI: 10.3390/polym14091730. View

18.

McGregor I, Cairns E, Abelev S, Cohen R, Henderson M, Couch D . Access to cannabidiol without a prescription: A cross-country comparison and analysis. Int J Drug Policy. 2020; 85:102935. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102935. View

19.

Canseco-Alba A, Rodriguez-Manzo G . : Drug of Abuse and Therapeutic Agent, Two Sides of the Same Coin. Rev Invest Clin. 2023; 75(3):105-128. DOI: 10.24875/RIC.23000112. View

20.

Jeong M, Lee S, Seo C, Kwon E, Rho S, Cho M . Chemical transformation of cannabidiol into psychotropic cannabinoids under acidic reaction conditions: Identification of transformed products by GC-MS. J Food Drug Anal. 2023; 31(1):165-176. PMC: 10208661. DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3452. View